Cardiovascular Diseases — ASPIRE Health Tulare County
Citation(s)
2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Create a Clean Room to Protect Indoor Air Quality During a Wildfire. 2022; https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/create-clean-room-protect-indoor-air-quality-during-wildfire. Accessed September 30, 2022.
4 Program CTAQ. Box fan filter, a DIY users guide. 2022; https://www.cct-enr.com/box-fan-filter. Accessed September 16, 2022.
5 Puget Sound Clean Air Agency. DIY Air Filter. https://pscleanair.gov/525/DIY-Air-Filter. Accessed September 16, 2022.
Cascio WE Wildland fire smoke and human health. Sci Total Environ. 2018 May 15;624:586-595. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.086. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Cheek E, Guercio V, Shrubsole C, Dimitroulopoulou S Portable air purification: Review of impacts on indoor air quality and health. Sci Total Environ. 2021 Apr 20;766:142585. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142585. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
Holder AL, Halliday HS, Virtaranta L Impact of do-it-yourself air cleaner design on the reduction of simulated wildfire smoke in a controlled chamber environment. Indoor Air. 2022 Nov;32(11):e13163. doi: 10.1111/ina.13163.
Srikrishna D Can 10x cheaper, lower-efficiency particulate air filters and box fans complement High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers to help control the COVID-19 pandemic? Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 1):155884. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155884. Epub 2022 May 14.
ASPIRE (Advancing Science Partnerships for Indoor Reductions of Smoke Exposures)-Health Tulare County
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
