Cardiovascular Diseases — Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Lipid Research Clinic Family Data
Citation(s)
Borecki IB, Laskarzewski P, Rao DC Genetic factors influencing apolipoprotein AI and AII levels in a kindred with premature coronary heart disease. Genet Epidemiol. 1988;5(6):393-406.
McGue M, Wette R, Rao DC Path analysis under generalized marital resemblance: evaluation of the assumptions underlying the mixed homogamy model by the Monte Carlo method. Genet Epidemiol. 1989;6(2):373-88.
Pérusse L, Rice T, Bouchard C, Vogler GP, Rao DC Cardiovascular risk factors in a French-Canadian population: resolution of genetic and familial environmental effects on blood pressure by using extensive information on environmental correlates. Am J Hum Genet. 1989 Aug;45(2):240-51.
Province MA, Rao DC Familial aggregation in the presence of temporal trends. Stat Med. 1988 Jan-Feb;7(1-2):185-98.
Province MA, Tishler P, Rao DC Repeated-measures model for the investigation of temporal trends using longitudinal family studies: application to systolic blood pressure. Genet Epidemiol. 1989;6(2):333-47.
Rao DC, Vogler GP, McGue M, Russell JM Maximum-likelihood estimation of familial correlations from multivariate quantitative data on pedigrees: a general method and examples. Am J Hum Genet. 1987 Dec;41(6):1104-16.
Rao DC, Wette R, Ewens WJ Multifactorial analysis of family data ascertained through truncation: a comparative evaluation of two methods of statistical inference. Am J Hum Genet. 1988 Mar;42(3):506-15.
Rao DC, Wette R Environmental index in genetic epidemiology: an investigation of its role, adequacy, and limitations. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Jan;46(1):168-78.
Rao DC, Wette R Nonrandom sampling in genetic epidemiology: an implementation of the Hanis-Chakraborty method for multifactorial analysis. Genet Epidemiol. 1989;6(3):461-70.
Rao DC, Wette R Nonrandom sampling in genetic epidemiology: maximum likelihood methods for multifactorial analysis of quantitative data ascertained through truncation. Genet Epidemiol. 1987;4(5):357-76. Review.
Reddy BM, Rao DC Phenylthiocarbamide taste sensitivity revisited: complete sorting test supports residual family resemblance. Genet Epidemiol. 1989;6(3):413-21.
Rice T, Laskarzewski PM, Perry TS, Rao DC Commingling and segregation analysis of serum uric acid in five North American populations: the Lipid Research Clinics family study. Hum Genet. 1992 Sep-Oct;90(1-2):133-8.
Rice T, Laskarzewski PM, Rao DC Commingling and complex segregation analysis of fasting plasma glucose in the Lipid Research Clinics family study. Am J Med Genet. 1992 Nov 1;44(4):399-404.
Rice T, Vogler GP, Laskarzewski PM, Perry TS, Rao DC Familial aggregation of lipids and lipoproteins in families ascertained through random and nonrandom probands in the Minnesota Lipid Research Clinic Family Study. Hum Biol. 1991 Aug;63(4):419-39.
Rice T, Vogler GP, Laskarzewski PM, Perry TS, Rao DC Familial aggregation of lipids and lipoproteins in families ascertained through random and nonrandom probands in the Stanford Lipid Research Clinics Family Study. Am J Med Genet. 1991 Jun 1;39(3):270-7.
Rice T, Vogler GP, Perry TS, Laskarzewski PM, Rao DC Familial aggregation of lipids and lipoproteins in families ascertained through random and nonrandom probands in the Iowa Lipid Research Clinics family study. Hum Hered. 1991;41(2):107-21.
Vogler GP, Wette R, McGue MK, Rao DC Properties of alternative estimators of familial correlations under variable sibship size. Biometrics. 1995 Mar;51(1):276-83.
Wette R, McGue MK, Rao DC, Cloninger CR On the properties of maximum likelihood estimators of familial correlations under variable sibship size. Biometrics. 1988 Sep;44(3):717-25.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
