Austenfeld JL, Stanton AL Coping through emotional approach: a new look at emotion, coping, and health-related outcomes. J Pers. 2004 Dec;72(6):1335-63. Review.
Badia Llach X, Herdman M, Schiaffino A Determining correspondence between scores on the EQ-5D "thermometer" and a 5-point categorical rating scale. Med Care. 1999 Jul;37(7):671-7.
Bantum EO, Owen JE Evaluating the validity of computerized content analysis programs for identification of emotional expression in cancer narratives. Psychol Assess. 2009 Mar;21(1):79-88. doi: 10.1037/a0014643.
Beskow LM, Sandler RS, Weinberger M Research recruitment through US central cancer registries: balancing privacy and scientific issues. Am J Public Health. 2006 Nov;96(11):1920-6. Epub 2006 Mar 29.
Brooks R EuroQol: the current state of play. Health Policy. 1996 Jul;37(1):53-72. Review.
Cheshire C, Antin A (2008). The social psychological effects of feedback on the production of Internet information pools. J Computer-Mediated Communication, 13, 705-27.
Edwards AGK, Hailey S, Maxwell M (2007). Psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer (review). Cochrane Library, 4, 1-28.
Erdfelder E, Faul F, Buchner A (1996). G*Power: A general power analysis program. Behavior Research, Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 28, 1-11.
Fawzy FI, Fawzy NW A structured psychoeducational intervention for cancer patients. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1994 May;16(3):149-92.
Folkman S, Greer S Promoting psychological well-being in the face of serious illness: when theory, research and practice inform each other. Psychooncology. 2000 Jan-Feb;9(1):11-9. Review.
Fonteyn M, Bauer-Wu S Using qualitative evaluation in a feasibility study to improve and refine a complementary therapy intervention prior to subsequent research. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2005 Nov;11(4):247-52. Epub 2005 Nov 2.
Graves KD Social cognitive theory and cancer patients' quality of life: a meta-analysis of psychosocial intervention components. Health Psychol. 2003 Mar;22(2):210-9. Review.
Gustafson DH, Wise M, McTavish F, et al (1993). Development and pilot evaluation of a computer-based support system for women with breast cancer. J Psychosoc Oncol, 11, 69-93.
Hann D, Winter K, Jacobsen P Measurement of depressive symptoms in cancer patients: evaluation of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). J Psychosom Res. 1999 May;46(5):437-43.
Helgeson VS, Cohen S, Schulz R, Yasko J Group support interventions for women with breast cancer: who benefits from what? Health Psychol. 2000 Mar;19(2):107-14.
Helgeson VS, Lepore SJ, Eton DT Moderators of the benefits of psychoeducational interventions for men with prostate cancer. Health Psychol. 2006 May;25(3):348-54.
Hewitt M, Rowland JH Mental health service use among adult cancer survivors: analyses of the National Health Interview Survey. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Dec 1;20(23):4581-90.
Hilarius DL, Kloeg PH, Detmar SB, Muller MJ, Aaronson NK Level of agreement between patient self-report and observer ratings of health-related quality of life communication in oncology. Patient Educ Couns. 2007 Jan;65(1):95-100. Epub 2006 Jul 26.
Jacobsen P, Donovan K, Swaine Z, Watson I (2006). Management of anxiety and depression in adult cancer patients: Toward an evidence-based approach. In Oncology: An evidence-based approach. A. Chang, P. Ganz, D. Hayes, T. Kinsella, H. Pass, J. Schiller, R. Stone, V. Strecher (Eds.). New York: Springer-Verlag, p. 1552-1579.
Kwekkeboom KL Outcome expectancy and success with cognitive-behavioral interventions: the case of guided imagery. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2001 Aug;28(7):1125-32.
Lee V, Robin Cohen S, Edgar L, Laizner AM, Gagnon AJ Meaning-making intervention during breast or colorectal cancer treatment improves self-esteem, optimism, and self-efficacy. Soc Sci Med. 2006 Jun;62(12):3133-45. Epub 2006 Jan 18.
Meyer TJ, Mark MM Effects of psychosocial interventions with adult cancer patients: a meta-analysis of randomized experiments. Health Psychol. 1995 Mar;14(2):101-8.
Newell SA, Sanson-Fisher RW, Savolainen NJ Systematic review of psychological therapies for cancer patients: overview and recommendations for future research. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Apr 17;94(8):558-84.
Owen JE, Klapow JC, Hicken B, Tucker DC Psychosocial interventions for cancer: review and analysis using a three-tiered outcomes model. Psychooncology. 2001 May-Jun;10(3):218-30. Review.
Owen JE, Klapow JC, Roth DL, Nabell L, Tucker DC Improving the effectiveness of adjuvant psychological treatment for women with breast cancer: the feasibility of providing online support. Psychooncology. 2004 Apr;13(4):281-92.
Owen JE, Yarbrough EJ, Vaga A, Tucker DC (2003). Investigation of the effects of gender and preparation on quality of communication in Internet support groups. Comp Hum Behav, 19, 259-75.
Pew Internet & American Life Project (2007). E-patients with a disability or chronic disease. http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/EPatients_Chronic_Conditions_2007.pdf, last accessed on 1/16/08.
Radloff LS (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. App Psychol Measures, 1, 385-401.
Rehse B, Pukrop R Effects of psychosocial interventions on quality of life in adult cancer patients: meta analysis of 37 published controlled outcome studies. Patient Educ Couns. 2003 Jun;50(2):179-86.
Watts S, Edgar L Nucare, a coping skills training intervention for oncology patients and families: participants' motivations and expectations. Can Oncol Nurs J. 2004 Spring;14(2):84-95. English, French. Erratum in: Can Oncol Nurs J. 2004 Fall;14(4):203.
Weiss D, Marmar C (1997). The Impact of Event Scale - Revised. In J. Wilson & T. Keane (Eds), Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD. New York: Guilford Press.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.