Breast Cancer Stage I — Medical Imaging and Thermal Treatment for Breast Tumors Using Harmonic Motion Imaging (HMI)
Citation(s)
Han Y, Wang S, Hibshoosh H, Taback B, Konofagou E Tumor characterization and treatment monitoring of postsurgical human breast specimens using harmonic motion imaging (HMI). Breast Cancer Res. 2016 May 9;18(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s13058-016-0707-3.
Han Y, Wang S, Payen T, Konofagou E Fast lesion mapping during HIFU treatment using harmonic motion imaging guided focused ultrasound (HMIgFUS) in vitro and in vivo. Phys Med Biol. 2017 Apr 21;62(8):3111-3123. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/aa6024. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Medical Imaging and Thermal Treatment for Breast Tumors Using Harmonic Motion Imaging (HMI)
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
