Breast Cancer — Optical Tomography With Ultrasound Guidance
Citation(s)
Ardeshirpour Y, Huang M, Zhu Q Effect of the chest wall on breast lesion reconstruction. J Biomed Opt. 2009 Jul-Aug;14(4):044005. doi: 10.1117/1.3160548.
Tavakoli B, Zhu Q Two-step reconstruction method using global optimization and conjugate gradient for ultrasound-guided diffuse optical tomography. J Biomed Opt. 2013 Jan;18(1):16006. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.18.1.016006.
Xu C, Yuan B, Zhu Q Optimal probe design for breast imaging using near-infrared diffused light. J Biomed Opt. 2008 Jul-Aug;13(4):044002. doi: 10.1117/1.2966703.
Xu C, Zhu Q Light shadowing effect of large breast lesions imaged by optical tomography in reflection geometry. J Biomed Opt. 2010 May-Jun;15(3):036003. doi: 10.1117/1.3431086.
Xu Y, Zhu Q Imaging heterogeneous absorption distribution of advanced breast cancer by optical tomography. J Biomed Opt. 2010 Nov-Dec;15(6):066007. doi: 10.1117/1.3505015.
Zhu Q, Wang L, Tannenbaum S, Ricci A Jr, DeFusco P, Hegde P Pathologic response prediction to neoadjuvant chemotherapy utilizing pretreatment near-infrared imaging parameters and tumor pathologic criteria. Breast Cancer Res. 2014 Oct 28;16(5):456. doi: 1
3-D Simultaneous Ultrasound and NIR Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
