Bloodstream Infection — The Only Blood Culture for Diagnosis of Bacteremia - Comparative Study of Practice
Citation(s)
Arendrup M, Jensen IP, Justesen T Diagnosing bacteremia at a Danish hospital using one early large blood volume for culture. Scand J Infect Dis. 1996;28(6):609-14.
Lamy B, Roy P, Carret G, Flandrois JP, Delignette-Muller ML What is the relevance of obtaining multiple blood samples for culture? A comprehensive model to optimize the strategy for diagnosing bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Oct 1;35(7):842-50. Epub 2002 Sep 10.
Lee A, Mirrett S, Reller LB, Weinstein MP Detection of bloodstream infections in adults: how many blood cultures are needed? J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Nov;45(11):3546-8. Epub 2007 Sep 19.
Li J, Plorde JJ, Carlson LG Effects of volume and periodicity on blood cultures. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Nov;32(11):2829-31.
The Only Blood Culture for Diagnosis of Bacteremia - Comparative Study of Practice
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
