Blood Pressure — Exercise & Diet Effects on CV Risk in Firefighters
Citation(s)
Almeida AA, Reeve EH, Dickinson RL, Carty M, Gilpin J, Feairheller DL Civilians Have Higher Adherence and More Improvements in Health With a Mediterranean Diet and Circuit Training Program Compared With Firefighters. J Occup Environ Med. 2022 Jun 1;64(6):488-494. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002478. Epub 2022 Jan 4.
Donahue S, McMorrow C, Almeida AA, Feairheller DL Feasibility and Perception of a Diet and Exercise Intervention Delivered via Telehealth to Firefighters. Int J Telerehabil. 2022 Jun 3;14(1):e6458. doi: 10.5195/ijt.2022.6458. eCollection 2022.
Feairheller DL, Smith M, Carty M, Reeve EH Blood pressure surge with alarm is reduced after exercise and diet intervention in firefighters. Blood Press Monit. 2023 Jun 1;28(3):134-143. doi: 10.1097/MBP.0000000000000649. Epub 2023 Apr 12.
McLaughlin KC, Perez AN, Donahue S, Feairheller DL Tactical Circuit Training Improves Blood Pressure and Vascular Health More Than Resistance Training. Int J Exerc Sci. 2021 Nov 1;14(3):1320-1333. eCollection 2021.
McMorrow C, Feairheller DL Blood Pressure Responses in Firefighters: A Review. Curr Hypertens Rev. 2022;18(2):145-152. doi: 10.2174/1573402118666220103094201.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
