Back Pain — Improvements in Adolescents With Back Pain After Pilates
Citation(s)
Cruz-Díaz D, Romeu M, Velasco-González C, Martínez-Amat A, Hita-Contreras F The effectiveness of 12 weeks of Pilates intervention on disability, pain and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2018 Apr 1:269215518768393. doi: 10.1177/0269215518768393. [Epub ahead of print]
Kibar S, Yardimci FÖ, Evcik D, Ay S, Alhan A, Manço M, Ergin ES Can a pilates exercise program be effective on balance, flexibility and muscle endurance? A randomized controlled trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 Oct;56(10):1139-1146. Epub 2015 Oct 16.
Miranda IF, Souza C, Schneider AT, Chagas LC, Loss JF Comparison of low back mobility and stability exercises from Pilates in non-specific low back pain: A study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018 May;31:360-368. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2017.12.005. Epub 2017 Dec 8.
Peterson L, Haladay DE Pilates-based exercise in the treatment of a patient with persistent low back pain following transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Physiother Theory Pract. 2018 Jun 26:1-8. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2018.1488905. [Epub ahead of print]
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
