Autism Spectrum Disorder — Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children
Citation(s)
Baranek GT Autism during infancy: a retrospective video analysis of sensory-motor and social behaviors at 9-12 months of age. J Autism Dev Disord. 1999 Jun;29(3):213-24.
Osterling J, Dawson G Early recognition of children with autism: a study of first birthday home videotapes. J Autism Dev Disord. 1994 Jun;24(3):247-57.
Osterling JA, Dawson G, Munson JA Early recognition of 1-year-old infants with autism spectrum disorder versus mental retardation. Dev Psychopathol. 2002 Spring;14(2):239-51.
Robins DL, Fein D, Barton ML, Green JA The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: an initial study investigating the early detection of autism and pervasive developmental disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2001 Apr;31(2):131-44.
Rogers SJ Developmental regression in autism spectrum disorders. Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev. 2004;10(2):139-43. Review.
Siperstein R, Volkmar F Brief report: parental reporting of regression in children with pervasive developmental disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2004 Dec;34(6):731-4.
Stone WL, McMahon CR, Yoder PJ, Walden TA Early social-communicative and cognitive development of younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorders. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007 Apr;161(4):384-90.
Tuchman RF, Rapin I Regression in pervasive developmental disorders: seizures and epileptiform electroencephalogram correlates. Pediatrics. 1997 Apr;99(4):560-6.
Werner E, Dawson G, Osterling J, Dinno N Brief report: Recognition of autism spectrum disorder before one year of age: a retrospective study based on home videotapes. J Autism Dev Disord. 2000 Apr;30(2):157-62.
Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
