Auditory Processing Disorders — Contribution of Functional MRI in Assessment of Auditory Processing Disorders
Citation(s)
Anderson S, Chandrasekaran B, Yi HG, Kraus N Cortical-evoked potentials reflect speech-in-noise perception in children. Eur J Neurosci. 2010 Oct;32(8):1407-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07409.x.
Barker MD, Kuruvilla-Mathew A, Purdy SC Cortical Auditory-Evoked Potential and Behavioral Evidence for Differences in Auditory Processing between Good and Poor Readers. J Am Acad Audiol. 2017 Jun;28(6):534-545. doi: 10.3766/jaaa.16054.
Chermak GD, Bamiou DE, Vivian Iliadou V, Musiek FE Practical guidelines to minimise language and cognitive confounds in the diagnosis of CAPD: a brief tutorial. Int J Audiol. 2017 Jul;56(7):499-506. doi: 10.1080/14992027.2017.1284351. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
Cunningham J, Nicol T, Zecker S, Kraus N Speech-evoked neurophysiologic responses in children with learning problems: development and behavioral correlates of perception. Ear Hear. 2000 Dec;21(6):554-68. doi: 10.1097/00003446-200012000-00003.
Kim MJ, Jeon HA, Lee KM, Son YD, Kim YB, Cho ZH Neuroimaging features in a case of developmental central auditory processing disorder. J Neurol Sci. 2009 Feb 15;277(1-2):176-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2008.10.020. Epub 2008 Dec 6.
Martin BA, Tremblay KL, Korczak P Speech evoked potentials: from the laboratory to the clinic. Ear Hear. 2008 Jun;29(3):285-313. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3181662c0e. Erratum In: Ear Hear. 2008 Dec;29(6):979.
Micallef LA Auditory Processing Disorder (APD): Progress in Diagnostics So Far. A Mini-Review on Imaging Techniques. J Int Adv Otol. 2015 Dec;11(3):257-61. doi: 10.5152/iao.2015.1009.
Punch S, Van Dun B, King A, Carter L, Pearce W Clinical Experience of Using Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in the Treatment of Infant Hearing Loss in Australia. Semin Hear. 2016 Feb;37(1):36-52. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1570331.
Purdy SC, Kelly AS, Davies MG Auditory brainstem response, middle latency response, and late cortical evoked potentials in children with learning disabilities. J Am Acad Audiol. 2002 Jul-Aug;13(7):367-82.
Sharma A, Dorman MF, Spahr AJ Rapid development of cortical auditory evoked potentials after early cochlear implantation. Neuroreport. 2002 Jul 19;13(10):1365-8. doi: 10.1097/00001756-200207190-00030.
Sharma A, Glick H, Campbell J, Biever A CENTRAL AUDTIORY DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN WITH HEARING LOSS: CLINICAL RELEVANCE OF THE P1 CAEP BIOMARKER IN HEARING-IMPAIRED CHILDREN WITH MULTIPLE DISABILITIES. Hearing Balance Commun. 2013 Sep;11(3):10.3109/21695717.2013.812378. doi: 10.3109/21695717.2013.812378.
Sharma A, Kraus N, McGee TJ, Nicol TG Developmental changes in P1 and N1 central auditory responses elicited by consonant-vowel syllables. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1997 Nov;104(6):540-5. doi: 10.1016/s0168-5597(97)00050-6.
Sharma M, Purdy S C, Kelly A S The contribution of speech-evoked cortical auditory evoked potentials to the diagnosis and measurement of intervention outcomes in children with auditory processing disorder. Semin Hear. 2014;35(1):51-64
Sharma M, Purdy SC, Kelly AS Comorbidity of auditory processing, language, and reading disorders. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2009 Jun;52(3):706-22. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2008/07-0226). Epub 2008 Dec 8.
Thomsen T, Rimol LM, Ersland L, Hugdahl K Dichotic listening reveals functional specificity in prefrontal cortex: an fMRI study. Neuroimage. 2004 Jan;21(1):211-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.08.039.
Tomlin D, Rance G Maturation of the Central Auditory Nervous System in Children with Auditory Processing Disorder. Semin Hear. 2016 Feb;37(1):74-83. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1570328.
Contribution of Functional MRI in Assessment of Auditory Processing Disorders
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
