Atrial Fibrillation — Thumb-ECG Ambulant Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Treated for Hyperthyroidism (TAMBOURINE)
Citation(s)
Camm AJ, Lip GY, De Caterina R, Savelieva I, Atar D, Hohnloser SH, Hindricks G, Kirchhof P; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J. 2012 Nov;33(21):2719-47. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs253. Epub 2012 Aug 24. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2013 Mar;34(10):790. Eur Heart J. 2013 Sep;34(36):2850-1.
Frost L, Vestergaard P, Mosekilde L Hyperthyroidism and risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter: a population-based study. Arch Intern Med. 2004 Aug 9-23;164(15):1675-8. Erratum in: Arch Intern Med. 2005 Feb 14;165(3):307.
Metso S, Auvinen A, Salmi J, Huhtala H, Jaatinen P Increased long-term cardiovascular morbidity among patients treated with radioactive iodine for hyperthyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 Mar;68(3):450-7. Epub 2007 Oct 17.
Osman F, Franklyn JA, Holder RL, Sheppard MC, Gammage MD Cardiovascular manifestations of hyperthyroidism before and after antithyroid therapy: a matched case-control study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Jan 2;49(1):71-81. Epub 2006 Dec 13.
Thumb-ECG Ambulant Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Treated for Hyperthyroidism (TAMBOURINE)
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
