Lee P, Khoo KL A review of current bronchoscopic interventions for obstructive airway diseases. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2012 Oct;6(5):297-307. Epub 2012 Aug 9. Review.
Liao W, Goh FY, Betts RJ, Kemeny DM, Tam J, Bay BH, Wong WS A novel anti-apoptotic role for apolipoprotein L2 in IFN-?-induced cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol. 2011 Feb;226(2):397-406. doi: 10.1002/jcp.22345.
Mann M, Hendrickson RC, Pandey A Analysis of proteins and proteomes by mass spectrometry. Annu Rev Biochem. 2001;70:437-73. Review.
Naaby-Hansen S, Waterfield MD, Cramer R Proteomics--post-genomic cartography to understand gene function. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2001 Jul;22(7):376-84. Review.
Wahidi MM, Kraft M Bronchial thermoplasty for severe asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2012 Apr 1;185(7):709-14. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201105-0883CI. Epub 2011 Nov 10. Review.
Wong WS, Zhao J Proteome analysis of chronically inflamed lungs in a mouse chronic asthma model. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2008;147(3):179-89. doi: 10.1159/000142040. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
Zhao J, Zhu H, Wong CH, Leung KY, Wong WS Increased lungkine and chitinase levels in allergic airway inflammation: a proteomics approach. Proteomics. 2005 Jul;5(11):2799-807.
Bronchial Thermoplasty: Mechanism of Action and Defining Asthma Phenotype
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.