Aphasia — Interest of Combining Speech Therapy With a Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (tDCS) for the Aphasic Patient
Citation(s)
Elsner B, Kugler J, Pohl M, Mehrholz J Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in patients with aphasia after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 May 1;(5):CD009760. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009760.pub3. Review.
Greener J, Enderby P, Whurr R Speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000425. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(5):CD000425.
Klippi A, Sellman J, Heikkinen P, Laine M Current clinical practices in Aphasia Therapy in Finland: challenges in moving towards national best practice. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2012;64(4):169-78. doi: 10.1159/000341106. Epub 2012 Oct 25.
Nitsche MA, Paulus W Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. J Physiol. 2000 Sep 15;527 Pt 3:633-9.
Robey RR A meta-analysis of clinical outcomes in the treatment of aphasia. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 1998 Feb;41(1):172-87.
Interest of Combining Speech Therapy With a Non-invasive Brain Stimulation (tDCS) for the Aphasic Patient
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
