Anxiety — The Relationship Between Leisure Activities and Aging Anxiety in Women
Citation(s)
Barrett AE, Robbins C The multiple sources of women's aging anxiety and their relationship with psychological distress. J Aging Health. 2008 Feb;20(1):32-65. doi: 10.1177/0898264307309932. Epub 2007 Dec 18.
Barrett AE, Toothman EL Multiple "Old Ages": The Influence of Social Context on Women's Aging Anxiety. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2018 Oct 10;73(8):e154-e164. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbx027.
Oh A, Kim J, Yi E, Shin J Verification of the Mediating Effect of Social Support on Physical Activity and Aging Anxiety of Korean Pre-Older Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 2;17(21):8069. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17218069.
The Relationship Between Leisure Activities and Aging Anxiety in Middle-aged Women
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
