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Jackson MJ, Turkington D Depression and anxiety in epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;76 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i45-47. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.060467. No abstract available.
Jung HH, Kim SJ, Roh D, Chang JG, Chang WS, Kweon EJ, Kim CH, Chang JW Bilateral thermal capsulotomy with MR-guided focused ultrasound for patients with treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a proof-of-concept study. Mol Psychiatry. 2015 Oct;20(10):1205-11. doi: 10.1038/mp.2014.154. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
Kim M, Kim CH, Jung HH, Kim SJ, Chang JW Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder via Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery. Biol Psychiatry. 2018 Jan 1;83(1):e17-e18. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 May 12. No abstract available.
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Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound Ablation of the Anterior Thalamus as a Novel Treatment Paradigm for Anxiety
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
