Anxiety — Patient Education Before Orthognathic Surgery
Citation(s)
dos Santos MR, Sousa CS, Turrini RN [Perception of orthognathic surgery patients on postoperative care]. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2012 Oct;46 Spec No:78-85. Portuguese.
Sousa CS, Turrini RN Creating and validating educational material for patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2012 Dec;6(4):166-72. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2012.10.006. Epub 2012 Nov 7.
Sousa CS, Turrini RNT Complications in orthognathic surgery: A comprehensive review. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology. 2012;24:67-74.
Sousa CS, Turrini RNT Validação de constructo de tecnologia educativa para pacientes mediante aplicação da técnica Delphi. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem. 2012;25(6):990-6.
Evaluation of an Educational Booklet for Perioperative Orthognathic Surgery: Randomized Clinical Trial.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
