Hirschman KB, Hodgson NA Evidence-Based Interventions for Transitions in Care for Individuals Living With Dementia. Gerontologist. 2018 Jan 18;58(suppl_1):S129-S140. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnx152. Review.
Hodgson NA, Andersen S The clinical efficacy of reflexology in nursing home residents with dementia. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Apr;14(3):269-75. doi: 10.1089/acm.2007.0577.
Hodgson NA, Gitlin LN, Winter L, Czekanski K Undiagnosed illness and neuropsychiatric behaviors in community residing older adults with dementia. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2011 Apr-Jun;25(2):109-15. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0b013e3181f8520a.
Hodgson NA, Granger DA Collecting saliva and measuring salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase in frail community residing older adults via family caregivers. J Vis Exp. 2013 Dec 18;(82):e50815. doi: 10.3791/50815.
Regier NG, Hodgson NA, Gitlin LN Characteristics of Activities for Persons With Dementia at the Mild, Moderate, and Severe Stages. Gerontologist. 2017 Oct 1;57(5):987-997. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnw133.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.