Kelly JF, Brown SA, Abrantes A, Kahler CW, Myers M Social recovery model: an 8-year investigation of adolescent 12-step group involvement following inpatient treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008 Aug;32(8):1468-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00712.x. Epub 2008 Jun 28.
Kelly JF, Dow SJ, Yeterian JD, Kahler CW Can 12-step group participation strengthen and extend the benefits of adolescent addiction treatment? A prospective analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2010 Jul 1;110(1-2):117-25. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.019. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
Kelly JF, Dow SJ, Yeterian JD, Myers M How safe are adolescents at Alcoholics Anonymous and Narcotics Anonymous meetings? A prospective investigation with outpatient youth. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2011 Jun;40(4):419-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2011.01.004. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
Kelly JF, Myers MG, Brown SA A multivariate process model of adolescent 12-step attendance and substance use outcome following inpatient treatment. Psychol Addict Behav. 2000 Dec;14(4):376-89.
Kelly JF, Myers MG, Rodolico J What do adolescents exposed to Alcoholics Anonymous think about 12-step groups? Subst Abus. 2008;29(2):53-62. doi: 10.1080/08897070802093122.
Kelly JF, Urbanoski K Youth recovery contexts: the incremental effects of 12-step attendance and involvement on adolescent outpatient outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2012 Jul;36(7):1219-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01727.x. Epub 2012 Apr 17.
Kelly JF, Urbanoski KA, Hoeppner BB, Slaymaker V Facilitating comprehensive assessment of 12-step experiences: A Multidimensional Measure of Mutual-Help Activity. Alcohol Treat Q. 2011 Jan 1;29(3):181-203. doi: 10.1080/07347324.2011.586280.
Kelly JF, Yeterian JD, Cristello JV, Kaminer Y, Kahler CW, Timko C Developing and Testing Twelve-Step Facilitation for Adolescents with Substance Use Disorder: Manual Development and Preliminary Outcomes. Subst Abuse. 2016 Jun 13;10:55-64. doi: 10.4137/SART.S39635. eCollection 2016.
Sampl, S , & Kadden, R. M. (2001). Motivational Enhancement Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescent Cannabis Users: 5 Sessions, Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Series, Volume. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. BKD384.
Webb, C , Scudder, M., Kaminer, Y., & Kadden, R. M. (2002). The Motivational Enhancement Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Supplement: 7 Sessions of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescent Cannabis Users, Cannabis Youth Treatment (CYT) Series, Volume 2. DHHS Pub. No. (SMA) 07-3954. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2002, reprinted 2003, 2004, and 2007.
Integrated Treatment for Enhancing Growth in Recovery During Adolescence (InTEGRA)
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
