Adverse Drug Event — Research on Human Insulin rDNA Safety and Efficacy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Citation(s)
American Diabetes Association Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2008 Jan;31 Suppl 1:S55-60. doi: 10.2337/dc08-S055. No abstract available.
Turner RC, Cull CA, Frighi V, Holman RR Glycemic control with diet, sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: progressive requirement for multiple therapies (UKPDS 49). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. JAMA. 1999 Jun 2;281(21):2005-12. doi: 10.1001/jama.281.21.2005.
Wright A, Burden AC, Paisey RB, Cull CA, Holman RR; U K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Sulfonylurea inadequacy: efficacy of addition of insulin over 6 years in patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 57). Diabetes Care. 2002 Feb;25(2):330-6. doi: 10.2337/diacare.25.2.330. Erratum In: Diabetes Care 2002 Jul;25(7):1268.
Research on Human Insulin rDNA (Insuget) Safety and Efficacy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
