Acute Pain — Twin Block, Pain Medications and Third Molar Extractions
Citation(s)
Kanti V, Ananthan S, Subramanian G, Quek SYP Efficacy of the twin block, a peripheral nerve block for the management of chronic masticatory myofascial pain: A case series. Quintessence Int. 2017 Oct 6:725-729. doi: 10.3290/j.qi.a39094. Online ahead of pr
Quek S, Young A, Subramanian G The twin block: a simple technique to block both the masseteric and the anterior deep temporal nerves with one anesthetic injection. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2014 Sep;118(3):e65-7. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.01.227. Epub 2014 Feb 6.
Quek SYP, Gomes-Zagury J, Subramanian G Twin Block in Myogenous Orofacial Pain: Applied Anatomy, Technique Update, and Safety. Anesth Prog. 2020 Jun 1;67(2):103-106. doi: 10.2344/anpr-67-01-03.
Myogenous Face Pain Following Third Molar Extractions Under Intravenous Sedation
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
