Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia — Total Therapy Study XIV for Newly Diagnosed Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Citation(s)
Cheng Q, Wu B, Kager L, Panetta JC, Zheng J, Pui CH, Relling MV, Evans WE A substrate specific functional polymorphism of human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase alters catalytic activity and methotrexate polyglutamate accumulation in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cells. Pharmacogenetics. 2004 Aug;14(8):557-67.
Glass JO, Reddick WE, Reeves C, Pui CH Improving the segmentation of therapy-induced leukoencephalopathy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia using a priori information and a gradient magnitude threshold. Magn Reson Med. 2004 Dec;52(6):1336-41.
Panetta JC, Wall A, Pui CH, Relling MV, Evans WE Methotrexate intracellular disposition in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a mathematical model of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase activity. Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Jul;8(7):2423-9.
Pui CH, Evans WE Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2006 Jan 12;354(2):166-78. Review.
Pui CH, Jeha S, Irwin D, Camitta B Recombinant urate oxidase (rasburicase) in the prevention and treatment of malignancy-associated hyperuricemia in pediatric and adult patients: results of a compassionate-use trial. Leukemia. 2001 Oct;15(10):1505-9.
Raimondi SC, Zhou Y, Shurtleff SA, Rubnitz JE, Pui CH, Behm FG Near-triploidy and near-tetraploidy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: association with B-lineage blast cells carrying the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion, T-lineage immunophenotype, and favorable outcome. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2006 Aug;169(1):50-7.
Reddick WE, Glass JO, Helton KJ, Langston JW, Li CS, Pui CH A quantitative MR imaging assessment of leukoencephalopathy in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia without irradiation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2005 Oct;26(9):2371-7.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
