Acute Kidney Injury — Efficacy and Safety of Heparin-grafted Membrane for CRRT
Citation(s)
Chua HR, Baldwin I, Bailey M, Subramaniam A, Bellomo R Circuit lifespan during continuous renal replacement therapy for combined liver and kidney failure. J Crit Care. 2012 Dec;27(6):744.e7-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.08.016. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
Schetz M, Van Cromphaut S, Dubois J, Van den Berghe G Does the surface-treated AN69 membrane prolong filter survival in CRRT without anticoagulation? Intensive Care Med. 2012 Nov;38(11):1818-25. doi: 10.1007/s00134-012-2633-x. Epub 2012 Jul 7.
Tan HK, Baldwin I, Bellomo R Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration without anticoagulation in high-risk patients. Intensive Care Med. 2000 Nov;26(11):1652-7.
Uchino S, Fealy N, Baldwin I, Morimatsu H, Bellomo R Continuous is not continuous: the incidence and impact of circuit "down-time" on uraemic control during continuous veno-venous haemofiltration. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Apr;29(4):575-8. Epub 2003 Feb 8.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy With Anticoagulation-free Regimen in Bleeding-risk Patients Using oXiris Membrane - CARROM Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
