Abdominal Pain — Evaluation of Gallbladder Contractility Using Both CCK and Milk Consecutively
Citation(s)
Al-Muqbel KM, Bani Hani MN, Elheis MA, Al-Omari MH Reproducibility of gallbladder ejection fraction measured by Fatty meal cholescintigraphy. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010 Dec;44(4):246-51. doi: 10.1007/s13139-010-0046-8. Epub 2010 Oct 13.
Al-Muqbel KM Gallbladder ejection fraction measured by fatty meal cholescintigraphy: is it affected by extended gallbladder emptying data acquisition time? Ann Nucl Med. 2010 Jan;24(1):29-34. doi: 10.1007/s12149-009-0324-7. Epub 2009 Nov 25.
Delgado-Aros S, Cremonini F, Bredenoord AJ, Camilleri M Systematic review and meta-analysis: does gall-bladder ejection fraction on cholecystokinin cholescintigraphy predict outcome after cholecystectomy in suspected functional biliary pain? Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 Jul 15;18(2):167-74. Review.
DiBaise JK, Oleynikov D Does gallbladder ejection fraction predict outcome after cholecystectomy for suspected chronic acalculous gallbladder dysfunction? A systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Dec;98(12):2605-11. Review.
Edwards MA, Mullenbach B, Chamberlain SM Pain provocation and low gallbladder ejection fraction with CCK cholescintigraphy are not predictive of chronic acalculous gallbladder disease symptom relief after cholecystectomy. Dig Dis Sci. 2014 Nov;59(11):2773-8. doi: 10.1007/s10620-014-3213-4. Epub 2014 May 23.
Hadigan C, Fishman SJ, Connolly LP, Treves ST, Nurko S Stimulation with fatty meal (Lipomul) to assess gallbladder emptying in children with chronic acalculous cholecystitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2003 Aug;37(2):178-82.
Evaluation of Gallbladder Contractility Using Both CCK and Milk Consecutively
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
