Whiplash Injuries — Effectiveness of an Educational Video Following Acute Whiplash Trauma
Citation(s)
Brison RJ, Hartling L, Dostaler S, Leger A, Rowe BH, Stiell I, Pickett W A randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention to prevent the chronic pain of whiplash associated disorders following rear-end motor vehicle collisions. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Aug 15;30(16):1799-807.
Holm L, Cassidy JD, Sjögren Y, Nygren A Impairment and work disability due to whiplash injury following traffic collisions. An analysis of insurance material from the Swedish Road Traffic Injury Commission. Scand J Public Health. 1999 Jun;27(2):116-23.
Leth-Petersen S, Rotger GP Long-term labour-market performance of whiplash claimants. J Health Econ. 2009 Sep;28(5):996-1011. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2009.06.013. Epub 2009 Jul 8.
Oliveira A, Gevirtz R, Hubbard D A psycho-educational video used in the emergency department provides effective treatment for whiplash injuries. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Jul 1;31(15):1652-7.
Whiplash injuries: diagnosis and early management The Swedish Society of Medicine and the Whiplash Commission Medical Task Force. Eur Spine J. 2008 Oct;17 Suppl 3:355-358. doi: 10.1007/s00586-008-0767-x.
Effectiveness of an Educational Video Following Acute Whiplash Trauma: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
