Uveal Melanoma — Melphalan Chemoreduction for Ocular Melanoma
Citation(s)
American Brachytherapy Society - Ophthalmic Oncology Task Force Electronic address: paulfinger@eyecancer.com; ABS - OOTF Committee. The American Brachytherapy Society consensus guidelines for plaque brachytherapy of uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma. Brachytherapy. 2014 Jan-Feb;13(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2013.11.008. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
CREECH O Jr, KREMENTZ ET, RYAN RF, WINBLAD JN Chemotherapy of cancer: regional perfusion utilizing an extracorporeal circuit. Ann Surg. 1958 Oct;148(4):616-32. doi: 10.1097/00000658-195810000-00009. No abstract available.
Hansson J, Lewensohn R, Ringborg U, Nilsson B Formation and removal of DNA cross-links induced by melphalan and nitrogen mustard in relation to drug-induced cytotoxicity in human melanoma cells. Cancer Res. 1987 May 15;47(10):2631-7.
Reichstein DA, Brock AL Radiation therapy for uveal melanoma: a review of treatment methods available in 2021. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2021 May 1;32(3):183-190. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000761.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
