Durvalumab and Vicineum in Subjects With High-Grade Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Previously Treated With Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Clinical Trial

Official title: A Phase I Single-Arm Study of the Combination of Durvalumab (MEDI4736) and Vicineum (Oportuzumab Monatox, VB4-845) in Subjects With High-Grade Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Previously Treated With Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

Background: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is in the early stages. But it usually comes back after treatment. The drugs Vicineum and Durvalumab may help the immune system find and destroy cancer cells. Objective: To test if the drugs Durvalumab and Vicineum together are safe and effective to treat people with bladder cancer that has not spread to the muscle in the bladder. Eligibility: People ages 18 and older who have bladder cancer that has not spread to the muscle in the bladder and was treated unsuccessfully with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Design: Participants will be screened with: Medical history Physical exam Blood and urine tests Tumor sample from previous surgery. If one is not available, they will have a biopsy: A small piece of tumor is removed. Cystoscopy to examine the inside of the bladder. This may include a biopsy or removing tumors. Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): They lie in a machine that takes pictures of the body. Electrocardiogram to test heart function Participants will receive Durvalumab and Vicineum in 2 phases: First phase: Durvalumab every 4 weeks and Vicineum once a week for 3 months Second phase: Durvalumab every 4 weeks and Vicineum once every other week Participants will have tumor samples taken every 3 months. They will have blood and urine tests throughout the study. Participants will continue treatment for up to 2 years. Participants will have a visit about 30 days after their last treatment. This includes blood and urine tests. It may include a cytoscopy or additional biopsies.

Clinical Trial Description

In 2016, it is estimated that there will be 76,960 new cases of bladder cancer and 16,390 deaths associated with bladder cancer. Bladder cancer is associated with the highest costs among all types of cancer, due to the need for lifelong routine monitoring and treatment. Approximately 70% of cases are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) at presentation and are treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by intravesical treatment with BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) or mitomycin C. However, in the setting of high-grade disease, these therapies can become ineffective over time in up to two-thirds of patients and disease progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) can occur. In patients who present with CIS (carcinoma in situ) rates of progression are greater than 50%. Progression to MIBC portends a poor outcome as only 50% of patients will survive five years despite undergoing radical cystectomy. Clearly, there is a large unmet need in therapeutic options for NMIBC that recurs or progresses. Vicineum(TM) is a recombinant fusion protein, VB4-845, that contains a humanized single-chain antibody fragment specific for the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antigen linked to ETA (252-608), a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (ETA). EpCAM is overexpressed on the surface of urothelial carcinoma cells and therefore represents a good target for Vicineum(TM) to bind to. In a previous phase II study in BCG refractory or BCG intolerant patients with high grade bladder cancer, 16% of patients treated with induction and maintenance therapy with Vicineum(TM) remained disease-free at 1 year. As a result, Vicineum(TM) is currently being evaluated as a single agent in a phase III trial. Pre-clinical work with a drug called Proxinium, an earlier version of Vicineum(TM), demonstrated an abscopal effect and synergy with the use of a checkpoint blockade inhibitor. Although it was done in a non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) model, the results were impressive in causing tumor shrinkage. Durvalumab is a human monoclonal antibody (MAb) that inhibits binding of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) (B7 homolog 1 [B7-H1], cluster of differentiation [CD]274) to programmed cell death 1 (PD-1; CD279) and CD80 (B7-1). Durvalumab has been demonstrated to have activity against advanced metastatic urothelial bladder cancer whose tumor has progressed during or after one standard platinum-based regimen in a phase I trial. Therefore, this trial will take two agents with single agent activity against urothelial cancer and combine them in a Phase I trial for patients with high-grade NMIBC Previously Treated with BCG. Objectives: Primary Objectives: To evaluate the safety and tolerability of durvalumab and Vicineum when administered in combination to subjects with BCG-refractory high-grade NMIBC Eligibility: Subjects must have a histologically confirmed high-grade non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (transitional cell carcinoma) of the bladder as follows: Carcinoma-in-situ (CIS) with or without papillary tumors High-grade Ta or T1 disease based on a biopsy/TURBT performed within 12 weeks of the initial dose of study treatment. If multiple bladder biopsies/TURBTs are required to confirm eligibility, the timing of the last bladder biopsy to the initial dose of study treatment must be within 12 weeks. Subjects with BCG unresponsive disease as defined by the Society of Urologic Oncology and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Subjects must have received at least two courses of intravesical BCG (at least 5 of 6 induction doses of BCG and at least 2 of 3 maintenance doses of BCG under a maintenance regimen or at least 2 doses of a repeat induction course). See exception below for persistent T1 disease below. There is no upper limit on the amount of prior BCG a subject may have received. Patients with persistent T1 high grade disease on TURBT following a single induction course of BCG (at least 5 of 6 doses) may also be eligible for this trial provided that the patient is surgically unfit for cystectomy as deemed by the investigator or the patient declines cystectomy Design: This is a Phase I, open-label study of the combination of durvalumab and Vicineum in subjects with high-grade NMIBC previously treated with BCG. All subjects will receive Vicineum intravesically and durvalumab systemically at the standard doses for both drugs as determined by Phase II trials for each drug, as no synergy or additive effect is expected for adverse events. Vicineum is administered in a 12-week Induction Phase followed by a Maintenance Phase for at least one year with an option for a total of up to 2 years of treatment. During the Induction Phase, Vicineum is administered once weekly for 12 weeks. During the Maintenance Phase, Vicineum is administered every other week. The dose of Vicineum is 30 mg in 50 mL of saline. Durvalumab 1500 mg is administered intravenously (IV) once every 4 weeks for 12 months with an option to continue therapy for an additional 12 months (total of 24 months) provided that patient is tolerating therapy and remains free of recurrent high grade NMIBC (see Treatment Period below). The dose of durvalumab is 1500 mg. If optional maintenance therapy continued in the second year, durvalumab 1500 mg will be administered intravenously once every 3 months to provide an immune boost. Vicineum will be given as monotherapy for 1 week followed by treatment with the combination of Vicineum and durvalumab starting week 2. In the initial six patients, three subjects at a time will enroll at these doses and schedules. Dose-liming toxicity (DLT) for each subject will be determined during the initial 6-week period that the subject is on treatment (i.e., the DLT period). When all subjects in the initial cohort have been on treatment through the DLT period, all available safety data will be considered in decisions to enroll additional subjects at this dose level, or to de-escalate the dose(s) of study drug(s), based on a standard "3 + 3" design. There will be no dose-escalations in this study. The dose of durvalumab will remain at 1500 mg every 4 weeks, and the dose of each intravesical Vicineum treatment can be reduced to 20 mg if the initial doses in combination induce DLTs. After the first six patients, an additional 18 subjects will be enrolled at the initial doses or at the reduced doses (if DLTs resulted in the first 6 patients) in order to obtain additional safety data, biomarker data and preliminary anti-tumor activity. Each subject's course will consist of the following periods: Screening/Baseline Period: The subject is consented and undergoes screening assessments to determine eligibility for the study. Treatment Period: The subject is treated and monitored for safety. Biomarker data will be obtained prior to treatment and at periodic intervals during treatment. Subjects who remain free of high-grade NMIBC after 12 months of study treatment may continue to receive treatment for an additional 12 months until they develop recurrent high-grade disease, disease progression, or intolerable toxicity, or meet another withdrawal criterion (e.g., consent withdrawal, pregnancy). Post-Treatment. The subject will return to the study site monthly for up to 90 days after the last dose of immunotherapy for end-of-treatment assessments. Subjects with ongoing clinically significant related adverse events (AEs) or serious adverse events (SAEs) will have additional follow-up after the initial post-treatment visit. ;

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

• NCT number: NCT03258593
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 1
• Start date: June 7, 2018
• Completion date: October 17, 2022