Trauma Clinical Trial
In the prehospital setting it would be helpful to assess primary changes in central blood
volume or preload (venous return, stroke volume, diastolic ventricular volume) that occur
during the stability phase following injury when regulatory mechanisms are still
functioning.
Obviously in this setting a non invasive bedside beat-to-beat index would be helpful.
Pulse Transit Time (PTT) is the sum of Pre-Ejection Period (PEP), the time interval between
the onset of ventricular depolarization and the ventricular ejection, and Vascular Transit
Time (VTT), the time it takes for the pulse wave to travel from the aortic valve to the
peripheral arteries (Obrist et al. 1979). PEP variations are known to correlate with
reductions in central blood volume induced by head-up tilt (Chan et al., 2007b, 2008). The
same authors also demonstrated that PTT variations follow closely PEP variations and
therefore central blood volume variations (Chan et al., 2007b). Following central blood
volume reductions induced by head-up tilting ventricular diastolic filling time increases
involving an increase in PEP and PTT. Chan et al. (Chan et al., 2007b) concluded that PTT
could have been used to assess early central hypovolemia and suggested that joint analysis
of PTT and RR intervals could help in predicting the extent of blood volume loss. The
investigators hypothesized that sympathetic drive associated with trauma would act on
cardiac contractility through beta activity thus shortening PTT without reducing RR interval
to the same extent in healthy hearts. We also hypothesized that progressive hypovolemia
would lead to a rising of PTT (augmented diastolic filling time) and a RR interval
shortening (relative tachycardia). In this study the investigators propose and index based
on the beat-to-beat PTT/RR ratio to assess central hypovolemia in traumatic patients
enrolled by our Helicopter Emergency Medical System (HEMS) in a prehospital setting.
n/a
Observational Model: Case-Only, Time Perspective: Prospective
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