Clinical Trials Logo

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to look at the safety and immunogenicity of a combination vaccine that includes tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap). The study will be conducted in 48 pregnant women and 32 non-pregnant women. Safety of the newborn infant and the effect of the mother's vaccination on the infants' immune responses prior to vaccinating infants with another combination vaccine to protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis will be evaluated. Participants will be 18-45 years old. Pregnant volunteers will be 30-32 weeks pregnant and at a low risk for pregnancy complications. Pregnant volunteers will receive 2 injections (1 vaccine and 1 placebo, inactive substance); non-pregnant volunteers will receive 1 injection of vaccine. Blood samples will be collected from the mother and infant, along with the baby's growth measurements. Participation for mother infant pairs is about 15 months and about 7 months for non-pregnant women.


Clinical Trial Description

Pertussis, "whooping cough", caused by the gram negative pleomorphic bacillus, Bordetella pertussis, is a highly contagious, potentially life-threatening respiratory illness that has re-emerged in the United States (US) as a cause of morbidity and mortality in infants less than 6 months of age as well as morbidity in adolescents and adults. Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine adsorbed (Tdap) immunization of women in the third trimester of pregnancy represents an opportunity to protect the vulnerable very young infants through passively acquired maternal pertussis specific antibodies. Tdap vaccine is being evaluated for this purpose since there is no monovalent acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine available in the U.S. This is a multi-site, randomized, double masked, cross-over study in 48 healthy pregnant women, 18-45 years of age who will be randomized (2:1) into two groups. One group will receive a single dose of Tdap vaccine at 30-32 weeks of gestation and a postpartum dose of saline. The other group will receive saline at 30-32 weeks of gestation and a postpartum dose of Tdap vaccine. On May 30, 2008 the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued a recommendation for use of Tdap in pregnant and postpartum women: "Pregnant women (including women who are breastfeeding) who have not received a dose of Tdap previously should receive Tdap after delivery and before discharge from the hospital or birthing center if 2 years or more have elapsed since the most recent administration of Td." This study design provides a control for the evaluation of the safety of Tdap vaccine administered during pregnancy and provides compliance with the ACIP recommendation. Immune responses to Tdap vaccine measured in antepartum and postpartum women enrolled in this clinical trial will be compared. Also, immune responses of the 32 pregnant women antenatally immunized with Tdap will be compared to those in approximately 32 healthy non-pregnant women contemporaneously enrolled into 2 age groups (18-39 years and 40-45 years) that are equal to the pregnant women. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of Tdap vaccine in pregnant women and their neonates and the effect of maternal immunization on the infant immune response to DTaP vaccinations. The safety of and immune response to Tdap vaccine in the 32 pregnant women immunized antenatally will be compared to that in approximately 32 non-pregnant women enrolled contemporaneously. The primary objectives of this phase I study are: to evaluate the safety of a single 0.5 mL intramuscular injection of Tdap vaccine in healthy pregnant women vaccinated at 30-32 weeks of gestation compared to women immunized postpartum and a non-pregnant control group; and to evaluate the safety of maternal Tdap immunization in neonates. Secondary objectives are: to assess the immunogenicity of Tdap vaccine in healthy pregnant women compared to women immunized postpartum and a non-pregnant control group; to determine the efficiency of placental transport of maternal pertussis specific antibodies to the neonate; to assess the persistence of the maternal pertussis specific antibodies in infants just prior to receiving the first dose of DTaP [Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids and Acellular Pertussis Adsorbed, Inactivated Poliovirus and Haemophilus b Conjugate (Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate] vaccine for infants); and to assess the effects of maternal immunization with Tdap vaccine on infant immune responses to DTaP vaccinations. Study duration will be approximately 3 years. Subject participation will be approximately 15 months (for each mother-infant pair) and 7 months for non-pregnan ;


Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety Study, Intervention Model: Crossover Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Prevention


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


NCT number NCT00707148
Study type Interventional
Source National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Contact
Status Completed
Phase Phase 1
Start date January 2009
Completion date May 2012

See also
  Status Clinical Trial Phase
Completed NCT00352963 - Immunogenicity & Safety Study of Combined/Separate Vaccine(s) Against Common Diseases in Infants (2,4,6 Months of Age). Phase 3
Not yet recruiting NCT04056728 - A Phase IV Study to Assess the Safety of EupentaTM Inj Phase 4
Completed NCT00753649 - Immunogenicity and Safety of GSK Biologicals' Infanrix Hexa in Infants Phase 4
Completed NCT02538211 - The Role of the Intestinal Microbiome in Enteric and Systemic Vaccine Immune Responses N/A
Completed NCT01917357 - A Comparison of the Immunogenicity and Safety of Quinvaxem in Mono-dose Vials and Uniject Phase 3
Completed NCT01689324 - Study of Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis Vaccine (ADACEL®) as a Booster in Adolescents Phase 1/Phase 2
Completed NCT01444781 - Study of the Booster Effect of DTaP-IPV-Hep B-PRP~T Combined Vaccine or Infanrix Hexa™ and Prevenar™ in Healthy Infants Phase 3
Completed NCT01214889 - Study of PENTAXIM™ Vaccine Versus TETRAXIM™ Vaccine Given With ACTHIB™ Vaccine in South Korean Infants. Phase 3
Completed NCT00804284 - Database Surveillance Safety Study of PENTACEL® Vaccine N/A
Completed NCT00534833 - Immunogenicity Study of Antibody Persistence and Booster Effect of DTaP-HB-PRP~T Combined Vaccine or Tritanrix-HepB/Hib™ Phase 3
Completed NCT00514709 - Immunogenicity Study of Antibody Persistence and Booster Effect of DTaP-HB PRP~T Combined Vaccine in Filipino Infants Phase 3
Completed NCT00379977 - Study to Assess the Safety & Reactogenicity of GSK Biologicals' DTPa/Hib Vaccine When Given at 3, 4 and 5 Months of Age Phase 3
Completed NCT00772369 - Retrospective Survey of Safety of Fourth Dose Pentacel® in Children Phase 4
Completed NCT00879827 - Immunogenicity and Reactogenicity of GSK Bio DTPa-HBV-IPV and Hib Vaccines When Coadministered to Healthy Infants Phase 3
Completed NCT01457495 - Immunogenicity and Safety of DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib Compared to DTPa-IPV/Hib and HBV Administered Concomitantly Phase 2
Completed NCT01267058 - Booster Study of Combined Diphtheria-tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Healthy Adults Phase 3
Completed NCT02853929 - Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Dose of Infanrix Hexa™ in Healthy Infants Born to Mothers Vaccinated With Boostrix™ During Pregnancy or Immediately Post-delivery Phase 4
Completed NCT02858440 - A Study to Assess the Immunogenicity and Safety of GSK Biologicals' Infanrix-IPV/Hib Vaccine Administered as a Three-dose Vaccination Course at 3, 4.5 and 6 Months of Age and a Booster Dose at 18 Months of Age in Healthy Infants in Russia Phase 3
Recruiting NCT06049940 - Safety and Immunogenicity of Tetanus Vaccine, Adsorbed in 18~44 Years Old Population Phase 3
Completed NCT00385255 - Immunogenicity, Safety of GSKs Tdap Vaccine Boostrix When Coadministered With GSKs Influenza Vaccine Fluarix in Adults Phase 3