Substance-Related Disorders — Resonance Breathing Intervention Opioid Use Disorder
Citation(s)
Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988 Dec;56(6):893-7. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.56.6.893. No abstract available.
Brzozowski A, White RG, Mitchell IJ, Beech AR, Gillespie SM A feasibility trial of an instructed breathing course in prison to improve emotion regulation in people with substance use difficulties. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology 2020; 32(2):308-25.
Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
Costello MJ, Viel C, Li Y, Oshri A, MacKillop J Psychometric validation of an adaptation of the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale to assess aggregated drug craving. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2020 Dec;119:108127. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108127. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
Vafaie N, Kober H Association of Drug Cues and Craving With Drug Use and Relapse: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 1;79(7):641-650. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.1240.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
