View clinical trials related to Staphylococcus Aureus.
Filter by:The number of arthroplasties is expected to grow in the next few years. Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a primary cause of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) with serious consequences. This microorganism is frequently associated with treatment failure, hospitalizations and need of prosthesis removal, leading to an important morbidity and an increase in healthcare costs. ARTHR-IS is a retrospective multi-center study which aims to estimate the burden of SA-PJI after a hip or knee arthroplasty and their risk factors. Other objectives are to quantify the costs, the number of hospitalizations and the surgical procedures needed to treat and control the infection and finally the factors influencing therapeutic failure. Through a case-control design, ARTHR-IS will group 20 hospitals across 5 European countries in order to include 150 cases and 450 controls. The results of this study will provide critical information to develop strategies to prevent and treat SA-PJI and reduce treatment failures. Also, the results from ARTH-IS study will help in the design of future clinical trials in prosthesis infections by providing reliable estimates on the incidence of SA-PJI and the subsequent burden on health care services.
AR-301 is being evaluated as an adjunctive treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in combination with standard of care (SOC) antibiotic therapy in patients with confirmed S. aureus infection.
The aim of this study is to determine if delta-haemolysin production deficiency of Staphylococcus aureus is a marker in favour of chronic infections on implants
Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a well-known risk factor for S. aureus surgical site infections (SSI). According to a recent study demonstrating 60% reduction risk of SSI due this bacterium after patients' screening and decolonization, recent French and WHO guidelines recommend in cardiac surgery the decolonization of nasal S. aureus carriers before surgery. In practice the decolonization procedures are not well-defined according notably to the duration and time of delivery before surgery and doses of topical antimicrobial drugs. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate the factors associated with failures of S. aureus decolonization: carriage state, compliance with treatment, S. aureus capacity of internalization in nasal epithelial cells, resistance to antimicrobial drugs used. This study will allow (i) to measure the frequency of patients with residual S. aureus carriage just before surgery, whatever they have been decolonized or not, (ii) to characterize the S. aureus nasal carriage state of patients before surgery, and (iii) to investigate the adding value of mupirocin dosage in the nose and urines of decolonized patients as a marker of compliance and efficacy of the decolonization process.
S. aureus is a leading cause of severe infections notably in haemodialysis patients. These patients have a high risk of S. aureus nasal carriage, with a rate of persistent carriage near 30%. These carriers are particularly at risk of S. aureus infections as we previously shown. High risk of S. aureus infections such as bacteremia occurred notably in patients with dialysis catheters. Decolonization of carriers may prevent such infections however this approach has limits. Development of an effective S. aureus vaccine is crucial. To date, past vaccines tested (phase III) failed to achieve their end points. Target of only one or few antigens, absence of cellular response induction and possibly no impact on carriage are probably the reasons of the failures.
The purpose of this study is to prevent the spread of S. aureus, a dangerous bacterium, within the operating room and between patients undergoing surgery.
There is theroretical superiority with benzylpenicillin over orther anti-staphylococcal penicillins (ASP) for treatment of penicillin susceptible S. aureus (PSSA) infections due to a lower MIC distribution when compared with ASPs active against PSSA, combined with the ability to obtain higher levels of free non-protein-bound plasma drug concentrations. Although the data to support this theoretical advantage is limited, many clinicians in Australia (and worldwide) use benzylpenicillin for therapy in this situation despite many international guidelines cautioning against this. This uncertainty is significant given that 1) S. aureus bacteraemia (SAB) is associated with a high mortality and significant morbidity, 2) S. aureus is one of the most common organisms isolated from blood cultures, 3) SAB is the most common reason for consultation with an Infectious Disease specialist (which itself has been shown to improve outcomes) and 4) a significant proportion (up to 20%) of SAB isolates in Australia will be reported as susceptible to penicillin, a proportion which appears to be increasing over the past 10 years in Australia and internationally. Given the frequency of PSSA and the associated morbidity and mortality related to SABs in general, a definitive study to determine the optimal therapy for PSSA is required. In a recent survey of Infectious Diseases Physicians and Clinical Microbiologists in Australasia, 87% of respondents were willing to randomise patients to either benzylpenicillin or flucloxacillin for a clinical trial, whist 71% responded that they would switch therapy from flucloxacillin to benzylpenicillin for treatment of PSSA BSIs in clinical practice (unpublished data). Therefore, the investigators see the opportunity to determine the feasibility of a definitive study comparing benzylpenicillin against flucloxacillin (or other ASP) for treatment of PSSA bloodstream infections.
The proposed study aims to further evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a candidate S. aureus vaccine NDV-3A, as well as its efficacy against acquisition of S. aureus
S. aureus bloodstream infection (SAB) is a severe disease associated with a 30% case-fatality rate at 12 weeks. Severity of this disease is related to the high prevalence of staphylococcal Deep Foci of Infection (SA-DFI), which require prolonged duration of antimicrobial therapy and specific treatment. Timely diagnosis and management of SA-DFI is associated with an improvement of prognosis during SAB. 18 FDG PET/CT (PET/CT) is a useful tool in the diagnosis of infectious foci during bacterial infections. An ecological study performed in the Netherlands has shown that use of PET/CT in patients with Gram positive cocci bloodstream infection was associated with an increase of detection of DFI and a decrease of recurrences and mortality compared to historical controls. The investigators hypothesize that SAB poor prognosis is in part related to the lack of diagnosis of all infectious foci and consequently to a suboptimal treatment.
This is a retrospective multinational, multicenter cohort study with a nested case-control. The study includes all surgical procedures performed at a participating site to prevent bias. Data will be assessed in two populations. Cohort population: Export of electronic file data on demographics, surgical procedure ICPM code, duration of procedure, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, body mass index, comorbidity ICD codes, and wound class of all patients undergoing surgery. Nested case-control population: For patients establishing S. aureus SSI and 1:1 matched controls from the same center further data will be captured: Length of hospitalization, length of ICU stay and reason as well as attribution to SSI, survival at 30 and at 90 days, antibiotic treatments including duration, functional status at admission and at final discharge; necessity for surgical revision, and death attributed to SSI. If readmission is necessary, reason and attribution to SSI, length of hospitalization and length of ICU stay as well as all antibiotic treatments and their duration will be recorded. The cases causative pathogens including resistance patterns and type of SSI according to CDC criteria will be captured. Matching criteria comprise the following: - Type of procedure - Age - ASA score - BMI - Duration of procedure (as percentile for this procedure) - Diabetes - Sex