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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT03249363
Other study ID # URome
Secondary ID
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received July 5, 2017
Last updated August 14, 2017
Start date January 1, 2010
Est. completion date January 1, 2012

Study information

Verified date August 2017
Source University of Rome Tor Vergata
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, in preventing Spinal Surgical Infection, of intraoperative pulsatile irrigation with a 2000-ml saline solution of PVP-Iodine in a group of patients undergoing complex spine surgery with a posterior approach. To confirm and better assess the efficacy of intraoperative irrigation on the infection rate in spinal surgery, specimens for bacterial culture were harvested by swabs from muscular tissue before and after irrigation of the wounds


Description:

The investigators enrolled fifty patients undergoing spinal surgery were randomly divided in two subgroups (A and B) of 25 patients each. In subgroup A, wounds were irrigated with dilute (3%) povidone-iodine solution through a low-pressure pulsatile device. In subgroup B wounds were irrigated with normal saline solution thorough a bulb syringe. In both subgroup specimens for bacterial culture were harvested by swabs from surgical site before and after irrigation of the wounds.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 50
Est. completion date January 1, 2012
Est. primary completion date January 1, 2012
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group N/A and older
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria:

- Male and Female

- Patients candidated to spinal surgery for spinal surgery

- Primary spinal surgery procedure

Exclusion Criteria:

- Clinical signs of infection before surgery

- Previous spinal surgery

Study Design


Intervention

Procedure:
Group A - Pulsed PVP-I Irrigation


Locations

Country Name City State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
University of Rome Tor Vergata

References & Publications (35)

Abdul-Jabbar A, Berven SH, Hu SS, Chou D, Mummaneni PV, Takemoto S, Ames C, Deviren V, Tay B, Weinstein P, Burch S, Liu C. Surgical site infections in spine surgery: identification of microbiologic and surgical characteristics in 239 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013 Oct 15;38(22):E1425-31. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182a42a68. — View Citation

Anglen JO. Wound irrigation in musculoskeletal injury. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2001 Jul-Aug;9(4):219-26. Review. — View Citation

Barker FG 2nd. Efficacy of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in spinal surgery: a meta-analysis. Neurosurgery. 2002 Aug;51(2):391-400; discussion 400-1. — View Citation

Bhandari M, Schemitsch EH, Adili A, Lachowski RJ, Shaughnessy SG. High and low pressure pulsatile lavage of contaminated tibial fractures: an in vitro study of bacterial adherence and bone damage. J Orthop Trauma. 1999 Nov;13(8):526-33. — View Citation

Block C, Robenshtok E, Simhon A, Shapiro M. Evaluation of chlorhexidine and povidone iodine activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis using a surface test. J Hosp Infect. 2000 Oct;46(2):147-52. — View Citation

Brandt C, Hott U, Sohr D, Daschner F, Gastmeier P, Rüden H. Operating room ventilation with laminar airflow shows no protective effect on the surgical site infection rate in orthopedic and abdominal surgery. Ann Surg. 2008 Nov;248(5):695-700. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0b013e31818b757d. — View Citation

Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Olsen KM, Perl TM, Auwaerter PG, Bolon MK, Fish DN, Napolitano LM, Sawyer RG, Slain D, Steinberg JP, Weinstein RA; American Society of Health-System Pharmacists; Infectious Disease Society of America; Surgical Infection Society; Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013 Feb 1;70(3):195-283. doi: 10.2146/ajhp120568. — View Citation

Calderone RR, Garland DE, Capen DA, Oster H. Cost of medical care for postoperative spinal infections. Orthop Clin North Am. 1996 Jan;27(1):171-82. — View Citation

Celik SE, Kara A. Does shaving the incision site increase the infection rate after spinal surgery? Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2007 Jul 1;32(15):1575-7. — View Citation

Crowley DJ, Kanakaris NK, Giannoudis PV. Irrigation of the wounds in open fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2007 May;89(5):580-5. Review. — View Citation

Culver DH, Horan TC, Gaynes RP, Martone WJ, Jarvis WR, Emori TG, Banerjee SN, Edwards JR, Tolson JS, Henderson TS, et al. Surgical wound infection rates by wound class, operative procedure, and patient risk index. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Am J Med. 1991 Sep 16;91(3B):152S-157S. — View Citation

Dirschl DR, Duff GP, Dahners LE, Edin M, Rahn BA, Miclau T. High pressure pulsatile lavage irrigation of intraarticular fractures: effects on fracture healing. J Orthop Trauma. 1998 Sep-Oct;12(7):460-3. — View Citation

Epstein NE. Do silver-impregnated dressings limit infections after lumbar laminectomy with instrumented fusion? Surg Neurol. 2007 Nov;68(5):483-5; discussion 485. — View Citation

Flow Investigators. Fluid lavage of open wounds (FLOW): design and rationale for a large, multicenter collaborative 2 x 3 factorial trial of irrigating pressures and solutions in patients with open fractures. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010 May 6;11:85. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-11-85. — View Citation

Goldenheim PD. In vitro efficacy of povidone-iodine solution and cream against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Postgrad Med J. 1993;69 Suppl 3:S62-5. — View Citation

Gruenberg MF, Campaner GL, Sola CA, Ortolan EG. Ultraclean air for prevention of postoperative infection after posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation: a comparison between surgeries performed with and without a vertical exponential filtered air-flow system. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004 Oct 15;29(20):2330-4. Review. — View Citation

Hill RL, Casewell MW. The in-vitro activity of povidone-iodinecream against Staphylococcus aureus and its bioavailability in nasal secretions. J Hosp Infect. 2000 Jul;45(3):198-205. — View Citation

Jarvis WR, Edwards JR, Culver DH, Hughes JM, Horan T, Emori TG, Banerjee S, Tolson J, Henderson T, Gaynes RP, et al. Nosocomial infection rates in adult and pediatric intensive care units in the United States. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Am J Med. 1991 Sep 16;91(3B):185S-191S. — View Citation

Kaye KS, Anderson DJ, Sloane R, Chen LF, Choi Y, Link K, Sexton DJ, Schmader KE. The effect of surgical site infection on older operative patients. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009 Jan;57(1):46-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02053.x. — View Citation

Kaysinger KK, Nicholson NC, Ramp WK, Kellam JF. Toxic effects of wound irrigation solutions on cultured tibiae and osteoblasts. J Orthop Trauma. 1995;9(4):303-11. — View Citation

Lineaweaver W, McMorris S, Soucy D, Howard R. Cellular and bacterial toxicities of topical antimicrobials. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985 Mar;75(3):394-6. — View Citation

Lu M, Hansen EN. Hydrogen Peroxide Wound Irrigation in Orthopaedic Surgery. J Bone Jt Infect. 2017 Jan 1;2(1):3-9. doi: 10.7150/jbji.16690. eCollection 2017. Review. — View Citation

McGirt MJ, Parker SL, Lerner J, Engelhart L, Knight T, Wang MY. Comparative analysis of perioperative surgical site infection after minimally invasive versus open posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: analysis of hospital billing and discharge data from 5170 patients. J Neurosurg Spine. 2011 Jun;14(6):771-8. doi: 10.3171/2011.1.SPINE10571. Epub 2011 Mar 18. — View Citation

McLure AR, Gordon J. In-vitro evaluation of povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect. 1992 Aug;21(4):291-9. — View Citation

National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System Report, Data Summary from January 1992-June 2001, issued August 2001. Am J Infect Control. 2001 Dec;29(6):404-21. — View Citation

Perencevich EN, Sands KE, Cosgrove SE, Guadagnoli E, Meara E, Platt R. Health and economic impact of surgical site infections diagnosed after hospital discharge. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Feb;9(2):196-203. — View Citation

Rogers DM, Blouin GS, O'Leary JP. Povidone-iodine wound irrigation and wound sepsis. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1983 Nov;157(5):426-30. — View Citation

Sansur CA, Smith JS, Coe JD, Glassman SD, Berven SH, Polly DW Jr, Perra JH, Boachie-Adjei O, Shaffrey CI. Scoliosis research society morbidity and mortality of adult scoliosis surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Apr 20;36(9):E593-7. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182059bfd. — View Citation

Schuster JM, Rechtine G, Norvell DC, Dettori JR. The influence of perioperative risk factors and therapeutic interventions on infection rates after spine surgery: a systematic review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Apr 20;35(9 Suppl):S125-37. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181d8342c. Review. — View Citation

Sponseller PD, LaPorte DM, Hungerford MW, Eck K, Bridwell KH, Lenke LG. Deep wound infections after neuromuscular scoliosis surgery: a multicenter study of risk factors and treatment outcomes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000 Oct 1;25(19):2461-6. — View Citation

Tsirikos AI, Lipton G, Chang WN, Dabney KW, Miller F. Surgical correction of scoliosis in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy using the unit rod instrumentation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 May 1;33(10):1133-40. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31816f63cf. — View Citation

van Meurs SJ, Gawlitta D, Heemstra KA, Poolman RW, Vogely HC, Kruyt MC. Selection of an optimal antiseptic solution for intraoperative irrigation: an in vitro study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2014 Feb 19;96(4):285-91. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.M.00313. — View Citation

Viljanto J. Disinfection of surgical wounds without inhibition of normal wound healing. Arch Surg. 1980 Mar;115(3):253-6. — View Citation

Watters WC 3rd, Baisden J, Bono CM, Heggeness MH, Resnick DK, Shaffer WO, Toton JF; North American Spine Society. Antibiotic prophylaxis in spine surgery: an evidence-based clinical guideline for the use of prophylactic antibiotics in spine surgery. Spine J. 2009 Feb;9(2):142-6. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2008.05.008. Epub 2008 Jul 10. — View Citation

Weber WP, Zwahlen M, Reck S, Feder-Mengus C, Misteli H, Rosenthal R, Brandenberger D, Oertli D, Widmer AF, Marti WR. Economic burden of surgical site infections at a European university hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008 Jul;29(7):623-9. doi: 10.1086/589331. — View Citation

* Note: There are 35 references in allClick here to view all references

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Number of Participants With surgical site infection Comparison of the results obtained from microbiological bacterial cultures of samples harvested during complex spine surgery in two groups of patients treated intraoperatively with pulsatile irrigation with diluted PVP-I (group A) or pulsatile irrigation with saline solution (group B) From the surgery to 1 year after
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