Efficacy of NicVAX in Smokers Who Want to Quit Smoking

Smoking Cessation Clinical Trial

Official title: A Phase 2, Multi-center, Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study to Assess Efficacy of 3'-Aminomethylnicotine-P.Aeruginosa r-Exoprotein A Conjugate Vaccine (NicVAX) in Smokers Who Want to Quit Smoking

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether vaccination with NicVAX will result in a higher continuous abstinence rate than vaccination with placebo in smokers who want to quit smoking. In addition, two different formulations and dosing schedules will be studied, to select the dose and dosing schedule which generates the highest level of anti-nicotine antibodies. The primary study period is 12 months, which was extended by amendment to include up to 2 years of observations.

Clinical Trial Description

Cigarette smoking is responsible for over 400,000 (1 out of every 5) deaths in the United States each year. Most smokers are aware of the health consequences and want to quit, but have difficulty doing so. Only 3-5% of smokers who quit on their own are successful. Since the vast majority of those who attempt to quit will fail, the need for better approaches to smoking cessation is clear and urgent. A safe and effective means of blocking the effects of nicotine would be of considerable interest as a potential treatment for tobacco use. Vaccination to produce nicotine-specific antibodies may be viewed as an alternative method of blocking nicotine effects. Nicotine is a small molecule that does not elicit an immune response in animals of humans. In order for the immune system to respond to this hapten, nicotine can be combined or bound to a larger molecule in a unique manner so that an immune response is mounted against nicotine. Nabi Biopharmaceuticals has developed a conjugate vaccine (NicVAX) that consists of 3'-aminomethylnicotine bound to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoprotein A, an exotoxin that has been made non-toxic by an amino acid deletion. Subjects will be randomized to one of four treatment groups.

Within each treatment group, 75 subjects will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio (NicVAX:Placebo), yielding a total of 50 active and 25 placebo subjects for each treatment group. There will be 12 subjects enrolled in a fifth open label arm to evaluate immunogenicity. A quit date will be set at the end of week 7 or at the end of week 5, depending on the dosing schedule. Continuous abstinence will be measured between the end of week 18 and the end of week 26. ;

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor), Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Smoking Cessation

• NCT number: NCT00318383
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: May 2006
• Completion date: December 2007