Sleep Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Role of Context in Sleep-related Memory Reactivation in Humans: Reactivating Specific Memories During Sleep in Conjunction With a Suppression Context
Forgetting is often perceived as the inability to retain information, but in fact at least some memory deterioration is due to active suppression processes, that are behaviorally adaptive. These active processes are thought to involve new, inhibitory learning, suggesting that sleep may serve to enhance them as it does other forms of learning. If this were the case, sleep may be harnessed to weaken non-adaptive memories in a manner that may be beneficial for healthy and clinical populations suffering from memory-related symptoms of disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To test this idea, this suggested nap study will incorporate specific memories in a suppression context during sleep monitored by encephalography (EEG). First, participants will take part in an item-based directed forgetting task, in which they will be exposed to different words, immediately followed by instructions to either remember the preceding word or not. The instructions will be conveyed using two distinct odors. In fact, the purpose of this first part would be to cement the associations of these odors with the instructions. Next, in an unrelated task, participants will learn the spatial locations of images on a screen. These images will be presented along with congruent sounds (e.g., cat - meow). During a subsequent nap, some of these sounds will be unobtrusively presented along with one of the two previously learned odors or along with a novel odor. In a final spatial-location test, memory for the images whose sounds were presented along with the "forget" odor during sleep is expected to be worse than for the images that were not cued. Memory for the locations of the images whose sounds were presented with one of the two other odors during sleep are expected to improve, possibly more so for the sounds presented with the "remember" odor relative to those presented with the novel odor. If successful, these results would be a first step towards interventions that may serve to selectively weaken memory during sleep.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 38 |
Est. completion date | November 30, 2024 |
Est. primary completion date | November 30, 2024 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 18 Years to 35 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: --- Exclusion Criteria: Participants with a history of neurological disorders or of sleep disorders will be excluded. Participants who do not believe they would be able to fall asleep in the lab will be excluded. Participants with severe asthma requiring hospitalization for treatment, history of significant food or non-food allergy, presence of known smell, taste or ear-nose-throat disorder, or a history of sinusitis or allergic rhinitis will be excluded. Participants who are certain they breathe through their mouths during sleep and those who snore (and therefore likely breathe through their mouths as well) will be excluded. |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
United States | Cognitive Neuroscience Lab - Northwestern University | Evanston | Illinois |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Northwestern University |
United States,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Change in error rates between pre- and post-sleep for the different conditions | The correct location of an image is compared with the position in which the participant has placed it. Measured in pixels on a computer screen. | Approximately 15 minutes before sleep onset and approximately 15 minutes after sleep offset within the same experimental session | |
Primary | Modulation of EEG spectral power following sound/odor presentation | Power modulations within the sigma (12-16 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz) and delta (0.5-4 Hz) ranges immediately following sound onset or at the first sniff after odor delivery. Measured across different EEG channels. | During sleep within the experimental session, assessed up to 1.5 hours |
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