Sleep Disturbance Clinical Trial
— 4BETTSLEEPOfficial title:
Effects of a Novel Melatonin and Magnesium-Containing Pod on Sleep, Metabolism, Body Composition and Performance
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a novel dietary supplement, consisting of melatonin and magnesium in a pod (coffee machine capsule) format, on sleep quality, stress, mood, sleepiness, biological rhythms, metabolism, body composition and performance, in individuals with sleep disturbances according with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. A randomized, double-blind, crossover trial will be conducted to compare the effects of the melatonin and magnesium-containing supplement against a placebo. The protocol comprises 4 weeks of supplementation with an experimental or placebo condition, with a week-long washout period. Biochemical markers of sleep and stress, actigraphy for sleep patterns and sleep hygiene, resting metabolic rate, food and fluid intake, body composition, and handgrip strength measures will be evaluated at baseline and 4 weeks post each randomly assigned intervention. The working hypothesis is that this innovative supplement will provide greater objective and subjective improvements regarding sleep patterns and quality, overall mood, biochemical markers of stress, resting metabolic rate, energy intake, body composition and strength, than the placebo comparator, due to the synergic effects of melatonin and magnesium.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 35 |
Est. completion date | July 30, 2022 |
Est. primary completion date | June 30, 2022 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
Gender | All |
Age group | 35 Years to 55 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5 as an indicator of sleep disturbance. Exclusion Criteria: - Taking medication which interferes with sleep; - Shift workers; - Workers who may experience jet lag (e.g. flight personnel). |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Portugal | Bettery, S.A. | Porto Salvo | Oeiras |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Bettery S.A. |
Portugal,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Biochemical sleep marker - Change in salivary melatonin | Salivary melatonin (pg/mL) will be assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Biochemical stress marker - Change in salivary cortisol | Salivary cortisol (ug/dL) will be assessed by ELISA | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in sleep latency | Sleep latency (minutes) will be assessed by actigraphy | Daily throughout the 4 weeks of intervention 1 and 4 weeks of intervention 2 | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in total sleep time | Total sleep time (hours) will be assessed by actigraphy | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in sleep efficiency | Sleep efficiency (percent) will be assessed by actigraphy | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in sleep quality | Change in sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score) will be assessed by the validated Portuguese version of the PSQI. The PSQI global score, results from the sum of 7 component scores (0-3) and has a possible range of 0-21 points. A global PSQI score = 5 identifies a good sleeper and >5 a poor sleeper. | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in mood states | Change in mood states ('Profile of Mood States' (POMS) score) will be assessed by the validated Portuguese adaptation (Viana, Almeida and Santos, 2001) of a short version of the POMS. A total mood disturbance score is calculated by summing the totals for the 5 negative subscales (tension, depression, fatigue, confusion, anger) and subtracting the positive subscale (vigour), adding 100 to avoid a negative global result. Scores for each item are recorded as 0 for 'not at all' up to 4 for 'extremely'. Total mood disturbance scores can range between -64 and 100. Higher scores indicate a greater degree of mood disturbance. | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in daytime sleepiness | Daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score) will be assessed by the validated Portuguese version (CEISUC, 2001) of the questionnaire. ESS global score results from the sum of 8 item scores (0-3) and can range from 0 to 24 points. The higher the ESS score, the higher that person's average sleep propensity in daily life: 0-5 Lower Normal Daytime Sleepiness; 6-10 Higher Normal Daytime Sleepiness; 11-12 Mild Excessive Daytime Sleepiness; 13-15 Moderate Excessive Daytime Sleepiness; 16-24 Severe Excessive Daytime Sleepiness. | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Sleep parameter - Change in biological rhythms | Change in biological rhythms ('Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire' (MEQ) score) will be assessed by the validated Portuguese version (Silvério, Silva and Macedo, 1998) of the MEQ. Four sections of the 16-item scale are assigned a value of 1 through 5, while the remaining twelve questions are assigned a value of 1 through 4. To obtain a global score, the sum of the components is converted to a 5-point scale: definitely morning type (>59); moderately morning type (54-59); neither type (43-53); moderately evening type (31-42); and definitely evening type (<31). Morningness-eveningness scores can range between 16-68. | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Metabolic parameter - Change in resting metabolic rate (RMR) | RMR (kcal) will be assessed by indirect calorimetry | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in total energy intake (TEI) | TEI (kcal/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in total carbohydrate (CHO) intake | CHO intake (g/day; percent of TEI) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in high and low glycemic index CHO | High and low glycemic index CHO (g/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in triptophan intake | Triptophan intake (g/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in caffeine intake | Caffeine intake (mg/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in alcohol intake | Alcohol intake (g/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in the timing of dietary intake | Timing of dietary intake (hours) will be assessed for each food and drink mentioned in the 24h recall | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Primary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in the frequency of dietary intake | Frequency of dietary intake (days/week or days/month) will be assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in protein intake | Protein intake (g/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Dietary intake parameter - Change in fat intake | Fat intake (g/day) will be assessed by 24h recall and quantified using a dietary analysis software | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Body composition parameter - Change in fat free mass (FFM) | FFM (kg) will be assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Body composition parameter - Change in fat mass (FM) | FM (percent) will be assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Body composition parameter - Change in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) | VAT Area (cm^2) will be assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Body composition parameter - Change in body water | Total body water, intracellular water and extracellular water (L) will be assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Body composition parameter - Change in phase angle | Phase angle (degree) will be assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) | |
Secondary | Performance parameter - Change in strength | Maximal isometric forearm strength (N) will be assessed using a handgrip dynamometer | Baseline, week 4 (post-intervention 1) and week 9 (post-intervention 2) |
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