Clinical Trial Details
— Status: Active, not recruiting
Administrative data
| NCT number |
NCT05736159 |
| Other study ID # |
020223 |
| Secondary ID |
|
| Status |
Active, not recruiting |
| Phase |
|
| First received |
|
| Last updated |
|
| Start date |
May 1, 2023 |
| Est. completion date |
March 1, 2026 |
Study information
| Verified date |
May 2023 |
| Source |
Samara State Medical University |
| Contact |
n/a |
| Is FDA regulated |
No |
| Health authority |
|
| Study type |
Observational
|
Clinical Trial Summary
One of the critical stages in a child's life is the beginning of school, accompanied by
intense intellectual and psycho-emotional stress. The success of educational activities
depends on the child's readiness to enter school - his school maturity.
The two main components of school maturity are the level of formation of school skills and
the physical development of the child in the preschool period. Recent studies show that
adaptation is more favorable in children with an average level of physical development
(Zhdanova L.A., Rusova T.V., Shishova A.V., 2020), at the same time there is also a reverse
effect - children with a delayed type of development are more susceptible to the development
of maladaptation. This relationship opens up new opportunities in the development of methods
for assessing school maturity, as well as preventive measures for the timely prevention of
maladaptation of children to school.
The relevance of the topic of the peer-reviewed research work is determined by the need to
develop and substantiate modern criteria for assessing school maturity.
The purpose of the work is to study the hygienic aspects of children's adaptation to the
beginning of school education in order to improve the methodology of comprehensive assessment
of school maturity and the development of measures to prevent maladaptation.
To solve it, five tasks have been formulated, the essence of which is to study the factors
affecting the course of adaptation of the child, to scientifically substantiate the criteria
for assessing school maturity and the development of preventive measures for the timely
prevention of maladaptation.
To solve the tasks set, a study of anthropometric indicators and indicators characterizing
school maturity and the level of formation of school skills will be conducted among 1,000
children aged 3-8 years studying in preschool educational and general education organizations
of the Samara region. The results of the study will be implemented in the work of preschool
educational and general education organizations of the Samara region, and in the future, in
the department of hygiene of children and adolescents of the Federal Budgetary Health
Institution "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Samara region".
Description:
One of the most difficult stages in a child's life is the beginning of school education.
Moving from a preschool educational institution to the first grade of school, children face
not only intense intellectual loads, but also a change in the daily routine, the need for a
long stay at the desk, constant contact with new people, such as classmates and a class
teacher.
Under the influence of educational loads, the regulatory system of the body is strained, only
a small number of first-graders remain within the limits of the norm - more than a quarter of
children are in a state of compensated distress (Ryabova I.V., Filippova S.N., Alekseeva
S.I., Sobolevskaya T.A., Chernogorov D.N., 2020).
On how successfully it will pass the period of adaptation of the child depends not only on
academic performance, but also on the state of his health and further physical development.
The preschool period has a significant influence on the course of school adaptation. The
development of a child at this stage is a predictor of how successful his adaptation to
school will be. It is at this age that there is a qualitative change in cognitive functions -
memory, voluntary attention, visual perception, as well as the improvement of all types of
thinking: logical, visually effective and visually imaginative (Bezrukikh M.M., Filippova
T.A., Verba A.S., Ivanov V.V., Sergeeva V.E., 2020). The peculiarities of a child's
development at the age of 3-7 years later determine the cognitive, emotional and behavioral
components of school adaptation. (Kazakova E.V., Sokolova L.V., 2018).
Therefore, it is necessary to start preparing for school in advance - with an assessment of
school maturity and the level of formation of school skills, since the discrepancy between
the physical and psychological capabilities of a first-grader to the requirements of the
learning environment can lead to the development of maladaptation, negatively affecting all
areas and the quality of a child's life.
Determination of children's readiness for school is carried out according to the method of
determining the approximate school maturity of Kern-Yirasek, approved in the methodological
recommendations of the USSR in 1986. It includes an assessment of the general level of
thinking development, the ability to listen and perform tasks according to the sample, as
well as hand motor skills and visual perception.
An important role in the adaptation of a child is played by his physical development. Modern
research shows that the adaptation process is more favorable for first-graders with an
average level of physical development, at the same time there is a feedback: the strain of
adaptation contributes to a further slowdown in the pace of child development (Zhdanova L.A.,
Rusova T.V., Shishova A.V., 2020).
The criterion of the course of adaptation can be distinguished by the dynamics of body weight
- during the first quarter of the school year, getting used to new conditions, first-graders
are most susceptible to weight loss, and the unfavorable course of adaptation is accompanied
by a higher loss of it (Gritsina O.V., Trankovskaya L.V., 2018).
Thus, the relationship between the child's physical development and the course of adaptation
opens up new opportunities in the development of methods for assessing the child's school
maturity, as well as in the early prevention of maladaptation of schoolchildren. However,
this topic requires further in-depth study.
The relevance of the study is connected with the need for scientific substantiation of the
criteria for assessing school maturity and the development of preventive measures for the
timely prevention of maladaptation of children to school.
The purpose of the study. to study the hygienic aspects of children's adaptation to the
beginning of school to improve the methodology of comprehensive assessment of school maturity
and the development of measures to prevent maladaptation.
Research objectives.
1. The study of anthropometric indicators and the development of regional age-sex standards
of physical development of preschool children.
2. Hygienic assessment of physical development and the level of school maturity of children
of older groups of preschool educational organizations and their dynamics during the
first grade of school.
3. Identification and scientific substantiation of the factors influencing the process of
adaptation of children to schooling.
4. Scientific substantiation of criteria for the development of a methodology for assessing
school maturity in preschool children.
5. Development of preventive measures for the timely prevention of maladaptation of
children to school.
The candidate's dissertation will be performed as part of a comprehensive research work of
the Department of Food Hygiene with the course of hygiene of children and adolescents of the
FSBEI HE SamSMU MOH Russia "Hygienic assessment of the impact of factors of conditions and
lifestyle on the health of the population of the Samara region".
Object and methods of research. In order to solve the research tasks and obtain reliable
results, it is planned to summarize the available data from medical examinations, measure
anthropometric indicators and indicators characterizing school maturity and the level of
formation of school skills among a representative group of 3-8-year-old children studying in
preschool educational and general education organizations of the Samara region. The data
obtained will be evaluated using the methods of variational statistics with the determination
of the average value, the standard deviation, the error of the average and the determination
of the reliability of differences by Student.
Scientific novelty of the research. A comprehensive hygienic assessment of the school
adaptation of children and adolescents aged 3-8 years of the Samara region will be carried
out at the modern level.
Priority indicators of physical development and school maturity that require management to
prevent the development of maladaptation in children of the first grade of education will be
determined.
Based on the study of anthropometric indicators, the main regularities of the course of
adaptation in first-graders will be established, taking into account their physical
development.
Based on the materials received, criteria for assessing the adaptation of first-graders and
standards for the physical development of children 3-8 years old in Samara will be developed,
as well as hygienic recommendations for preventing the development of maladaptation among
children in general education institutions will be substantiated.
Expected results. As a result of the study, indicators will be determined that reliably
characterize the level of adaptation of children to school activities.
As a result of the study, indicators will be determined on the basis of which it will be
possible to assess the course of adaptation of first-graders of general education
organizations of the Samara region.
The results obtained will allow us to develop criteria for assessing the adaptation of
first-graders and standards for the physical development of children 3-8 years old, as well
as to substantiate hygienic recommendations for preventing the development of maladaptation
among children in general education institutions of Samara.
Practical significance of the study. The expected results of the study, as well as the
developed hygienic recommendations, can be used by the management of educational
institutions, as well as specialists of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Field of
Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being, who carry out social and hygienic monitoring
of environmental factors of children and adolescents.
The level and scope of implementation of the results. The results of the study will be
implemented in the work of preschool educational and general education organizations of the
Samara region, and in the future, in the department of hygiene of children and adolescents of
the Federal Budgetary Health Institution "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Samara
region".
The research materials will be used in conducting practical classes of the discipline
"Hygiene of children and adolescents" at the Department of Food Hygiene with the course of
hygiene of children and adolescents of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of
the Ministry of Health of Russia and in other higher educational medical institutions of
Russia.
