View clinical trials related to Rectal Neoplasms.
Filter by:Preoperative radiation and chemotherapy is the standard treatment for local advanced rectal cancer. The addition of oxaliplatin to capecitabine combined with radiotherapy does not improve local control and long-term survival. Most importantly,chemoradiotherapy significantly increased surgical complication and poor long-term quality of life .In the absence of effective measures of predicting chemo-sensitivity, there is considerable risk of using any two-drug regimen for neoadjuvant therapy. Simultaneous use of the three chemotherapeutic drugs may be able to reduce the likelihood of resistance to both dual drug regimen and single drug regimen. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of three chemotherapeutic regimen known as FOLFOXIRI (the drug 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, Irinotecan) with standard radiotherapy combined with capecitabine in neoadjuvant therapy for local advanced rectal cancer. The drugs in the FOLFOXIRI regimen are all FDA(Food and Drug Administration) approved and have been used routinely to treat patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Application of circulating tumor DNA detection in diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. First, to explore the feasibility of ctDNA as a detection index for rectal cancer. Second, evaluate the accuracy of ctDNA detection in rectal cancer. Third, to explore whether ctDNA can be used in the evaluation of preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy, so as to provide guidance for subsequent treatment. Fourth, to explore the guidance value for the decision of postoperative adjuvant therapy and the frequency of reexamination. Fifth, search for possible recurrence related mutations.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of combined application of left colic artery preservation, anastomotic reinforcing sutures and postoperative transanal tube placement in robotic Low Anterior Resection for Rectal Cancer.
Compared to postoperative chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy, preoperative chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy shows higher sphincter preservation rate and lower local recurrence rate in locally advanced rectal cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the response and prognosis of intraarterial chemoembolization and intravenous infusion chemotherapy in patients with rectal T3-T4 and/or N+ rectal cancer before operation.
This study compared robot-assisted total mesorectal excision to treat very low rectal cancer within 2 cm from the dentate line to avoid permanent colostomy. improves the quality of life with better defecation function, urinary function and sexual function.
The hypothesis of the study is that high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can be used safely to treat rectal and pelvic cancer. The study consists of two trials exploring the use of HIFU in rectal and pelvic cancer to establish the safety and potential efficacy of HIFU in this instance. The first trial is a feasibility study looking at patients with early rectal cancer. We aim to recruit thirty patients with early rectal cancer who are due to undergo an operation to remove their cancer. After recruiting and consenting them for the trial, we will treat their rectal cancer with HIFU. Approximately one week after treatment they will undergo their normal cancer operation. This will allow us to demonstrate the safety of HIFU as a treatment for rectal cancer and evaluate the changes in rectal and surrounding tissue under the microscope after the cancer is treated with HIFU. In addition, we will monitor patients for any complications and the impact this treatment has on their quality of life. We will monitor the response of various markers for cancer with blood tests. The second trial aims to evaluate the treatment of a cohort of patients with inoperable rectal cancer. We aim to recruit thirty patients with either inoperable pelvic cancers - rectal, cervical or endometrial, or cancers that have returned after previous operations. We will offer these patients treatment of their cancer using HIFU. We will monitor the symptoms they experience and impact on their quality of life both before and at multiple time points after the treatment with HIFU. We will compare MRI scans before and after treatment to evaluate the effect HIFU has in reducing the size of the cancer. We hope to show that using HIFU in this group of patients can be both effective and lead to an improvement in both their symptoms and quality of life.
This pilot trial studies how well active surveillance and chemotherapy before surgery work in treating participants with stage II-III rectal cancer. Active surveillance involves monitoring participants for additional tumor growth after receiving cancer treatment. Drugs used in chemotherapy work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. It is not yet known whether deferring surgery after active surveillance and chemotherapy will work better in treating participants with stage II-III rectal cancer.
Treatment for Low rectal cancer, especially in patients with regional lymph node metastasis are quite different between Japanese guideline (JSCCR) and western countries' guideline (NCCN, ESMO). While Japanese scholars advocate total mesorectal excision (TME) plus lateral lymph node dissection (LLND), European and American scholars advocate TME alone after Neoadjuvant Chemo-radiotherapy (nCRT), without the need of LLND. Accordingly, this clinical trial is designed to directly compare the efficacy and safety of these two treatment strategies for low rectal cancer with regional lymph node metastasis. It will provide high-level clinical evidence for the treatment of low rectal cancer with suspected local lymph node metastasis
This is a randomized multicentric clinical trial in patients affected by resectable rectal cancer, cT2N1-2, cT3N0-2, MRF -, aiming to evaluate the impact of the interval between chemoradiotherapy and surgery on the pathological response. Patients will undergo a neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy treatment and those achieving a major or complete clinical and instrumental response will then be randomized and submitted to surgery with two options: the first group will be operated after an interval of 9-11 weeks, while the second will undergo surgery at 13-16 weeks, after a further clinical and instrumental re-evaluation 11-12 weeks after the end of chemoradiotherapy.
Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer will receive biopsy before the standard treatment of neoadjuvant chemoradiation. The investigators are going to establish organoids model from the pre-treatment biopsies and expose organoids to irradiation and the same chemotherapy drugs. The sensitivity of irradiation and chemotherapy drugs will be tested in the organoids model. Here, the investigators will launch the observational clinical trial to validate whether the organoids could predict the clinical outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation.