View clinical trials related to Rectal Neoplasms.
Filter by:There is no established standard preoperative treatment in rectal cancer. Two large randomized studies in North America closed from lack of accrual; therefore the only method of assessing preoperative treatment in rectal cancer is from Phase II studies. This study builds on the experience at PMH gained in two previous studies which demonstrated a lower than expected toxicity with concurrent 5FU infusion and external radiotherapy. The current standard at PMH is preoperative radiation, 46Gy in 23 fractions with concurrent 5FU infusion 225mg/m2. An increase of radiation dose and consequent increase in chemotherapy may improve the response rate, but may also increase toxicity. It is proposed to increase the dose of radiotherapy to 50Gy in 25 fractions with concurrent chemotherapy and measure acute toxicity and complete remission rate.
RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as capecitabine and oxaliplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving more than one drug (combination chemotherapy) may kill more tumor cells. Giving radiation therapy together with combination chemotherapy before surgery may shrink the tumor so it can be removed. It is not yet known whether giving radiation therapy together with capecitabine is more effective with or without oxaliplatin before surgery in treating rectal cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying radiation therapy, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin to see how well they work compared to radiation therapy and capecitabine in treating patients who are undergoing surgery for stage II or stage III rectal cancer.
The objectives of this study are to: 1. To assess dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) of capecitabine +/- oxaliplatin in a combination regimen with capecitabine and radiotherapy (Phase 1) 2. To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) when capecitabine - oxaliplatin in a combination regimen with capecitabine and radiotherapy (Phase 1) 3. To determine the pathologic response rate of cetuximab +/- oxaliplatin in combination with capecitabine and radiotherapy (Phase 2)
To assess the efficacy and safety of pre-operative capecitabine and oxaliplatin followed by capecitabine with concurrent radiotherapy followed by post-operative capecitabine in the treatment of patients with locally advanced or inoperable rectal cancer.
Preoperative induction chemotherapy has been successfully used in a variety of malignancies and provides several advantages over postoperative therapy. Combination of 5-FU/Leucovorin/CPT-11 has demonstrated significantly better response rate than 5-FU/Leucovorin alone. Replacing 5-FU with oral capecitabine in combination with CPT-11 has emerged as a potentially more effective, safe and convenient treatment option for metastatic colorectal cancer. Capecitabine is also well tolerated in concurrent treatment with radiation. Recent data has shown that preoperative radiation appears to be significantly more effective in increasing resectability rates. This trial will investigate the activity of capecitabine and CPT-11 combination in the preoperative setting followed by chemoradiation with capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer to improve response and decrease local recurrence. We will also study whether TS, TP, DPD and carboxyesterase expressions correlate with the objective response rate with this chemotherapy and chemoradiation regimen.
This is an open-label, single center, phase I study designed to determine the MTD or oral topotecan as a radiosensitizing agent in the treatment of rectal cancer patients. Sequential cohorts of three patients will be given increasing doses of oral topotecan and fixed doses of concurrent radiation (45GY) over five weeks.
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as 5-fluorouracil, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing and also as a radiosensibilisant. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. 5-fluorouracil may make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. Oral 5-fluorouracil is more convenient for ambulatory patients. Giving UFT (Tegafur and Uracil) with radiation therapy before surgery may shrink the tumor so it can be removed. PURPOSE: This phase III trial is studying how well giving UFT with radiation therapy works in treating patients who are undergoing surgery for operable rectal cancer.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose in increasing preoperative haemoglobin values in patients with colo-rectal neoplasm and iron deficiency anemia, compared to the standard treatment with oral iron. It will also determine whether intravenous iron sucrose administration improves outcomes such as postoperative haemoglobin values, serum ferritin values, transfusional needs, postoperative complications, or length of hospital stay.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the of international standard operation, mesorectal excision (ME alone) compared to Japanese standard operation, ME with lateral lymph node dissection for clinical stage II, III lower rectal cancer
The Quality initiative in rectal cancer (QIRC) trial will test if a strategy designed to positively influence surgeon practice can decrease hospital rates of permanent colostomy and local tumour recurrence for surgically treated rectal cancer patients.