View clinical trials related to Rectal Cancer.
Filter by:This is a Randomized trial on Mechanical Bowel Preparation in Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery. In this trial patients with left sided colon and rectal tumors were randomized to receive mechanical bowel preparation or no preparation to assess postoperative complications and outcome
A preliminary Study in Subjects Undergoing Low Anterior Resection
The aim of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility of microdialysis by laparoscopy in order to identify anastomotic leaks after rectal surgery.
The investigators planned a phase I study of preoperative CRT with capecitabine plus temozolomide inpatients with locally advanced resectable rectal cancer: 1) the role of temozolomide as a radiosensitizer has been well established, 2) hypermethylation (or low expression) of MGMT promoter is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis, can be found in 20~40% of colorectal cancer patients, and this proportion could be adequate for validation as its role of predictive biomarker, and 3) temozolomide can be additive or synergistic because radiotherapy is now essential in the treatment of rectal cancer.
Radiation therapy (RT) is used as an effective local treatment modality to inhibit cell proliferation, induce cell death and suppress tumor growth. To improve the treatment outcome, in terms of both locoregional control and survival, the concurrent use of chemotherapy during radiation therapy (CCRT) is now the standard treatment for various malignancies, especially locally advanced cancers. Among the drugs used to enhance RT effect, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agents of CCRT. In the past, RT was solely used as a local treatment and its effect was estimated by local effect model. However, growing evidence shows that irradiation has direct DNA damage-dependent effects as well as sending signals to neighboring cells. Recently, we reported that abdominal irradiation could significantly modulate the systemic pharmacokinetics of 5-FU at 0.5 Gy, off-target area in clinical practice, and at 2 Gy, the daily treatment dose for target treatment in an experimental rat model. Additionally, the results from a clinical investigation showed that colorectal cancer patients with lower AUC of 5-FU during adjuvant chemotherapy had lower disease-free survival. Taken together, these lines of evidence support the importance and necessity to search for the mediators responsible for the unexpected effect of local RT on systemic pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-FU. In the present study, the investigators investigated whether the phenomena and mechanism of RT-PK is a fact for different anticancer drugs in human.
The purpose of this Phase II study will be to investigate the antiangiogenic agent, aflibercept, in combination with chemoradiation as preoperative treatment for patients with stage II/III rectal cancer, followed by 4 months of FOLFOX6 plus aflibercept adjuvantly.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) accuracy is superior to FDG-PET-CT considered as the gold-standard for the staging of distant lesions of rectal cancer.
The purpose of this study is to compare two different surgical procedures for the treatment of Rectal Cancer: Laparoscopic Surgery and Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery. The ROLARR study is for participants with cancer of the rectum for whom a laparoscopic operation (sometimes called "keyhole surgery") has been recommended by their surgeon. In the past most rectal cancers were removed using "open" surgery. Open surgery involves a large cut down the middle of the patient's abdomen to allow the surgeon to see and take out the cancer. On a previous study showed that using laparoscopic surgery to remove colorectal cancers was as good as open surgery for curing cancer. There is now another option to remove rectal cancers, which involves using a robotic system with laparoscopic surgery. This type of surgery is called "robotic-assisted" laparoscopic surgery and is now becoming widely used by surgeons to remove cancers including the rectum, as well as for other non-cancer operations. In order to perform robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon sits at a robotic control unit a few feet away from the patient. Using the robotic control unit, the surgeon can see a clear video image of the patient's abdomen and the operation site. The surgeon can perform the operation from the robotic control unit by controlling the movement of a set of robotic surgical instruments, guided by the video camera. Like standard laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon is able to carry out the entire operation through a few small cuts in the abdomen. The camera of the robotic system provides a 3D high-definition magnified view of the operation site and the robotic system is also able to translate the movements of the surgeon's hands into small precise movements inside the patient's body. We want to test whether robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery is as good, or even better, at removing rectal cancers as standard laparoscopic surgery (actually Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery is used as standard of care in rectal cancer patients at University of California, Irvine Medical Center). We also want to investigate whether using robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery reduces the number of times a laparoscopic operation needs to be converted to an open operation, and see whether using a robotic system can also shorten the length of time patients need to stay in hospital and if it reduces the number of complications patients may have during and after their operation.
The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of the Radial Reload Stapler during open LAR for rectal cancer. The surgeon will complete questionnaires relating to the function of the device.
This trial examines the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of a combination of radiotherapy (over a period of five weeks) and chemotherapy (with 5-FU or Capecitabine and Oxaliplatin) and 10 fractions of deep regional hyperthermia in patients with primary locally advanced or locally recurrent rectal cancer. Previous pelvic irradiation in case of a local recurrence is not excluded from the trial. The treatment protocol aims on a preoperatively improved tumor regression allowing less aggressive surgery in primary locally advanced rectal cancer and a higher rate of curative resections in heavily pretreated locally recurrent rectal cancers. Primary endpoint of the trial is the feasibility rate of a multimodal regimen consisting of radiochemotherapy and hyperthermia. Secondary endpoints are local control, survival rates, and toxicity. It is planned to include a total number of 59 patients over a period of 2.5 years.