Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Other |
Quality control/intervention fidelity |
Using monitoring systems from previous studies (adherence to activities and delivery quality checklists), investigators will assess intervention protocol fidelity. Investigators will audiotape all intervention sessions and randomly select and review 15% in order to assess quality control and implementation fidelity. Fidelity levels below 80% will trigger retraining and closer supervision. |
Through study completion, an average of 8 months |
|
Other |
Facilitator Satisfaction and ease of intervention delivery (EBPAS-36) |
Facilitator satisfaction and ease of intervention delivery will be assessed with a shortened version of the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale (EBPAS-36). Responses are given on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 0="not at all" to 4="to a very great extent." With high scores indicating satisfaction. |
Through study completion, an average of 8 months |
|
Other |
Adverse events |
Safety will be assessed through adverse event reporting by CHVs/Research Assistant (RA)/clinic staff and exit interviews with CHVs asking about negative intervention experiences. |
Through study completion, an average of 8 months |
|
Other |
Participant satisfaction with intervention |
Participants will be asked to rate their satisfaction with the session at the end of each intervention session. |
Through study completion, an average of 8 months |
|
Other |
Number of participants in attendance at sessions |
Attendance for each participant at each session will be tracked. |
Through study completion, an average of 8 months |
|
Other |
Retention Rate |
Retention through assessment completion will be tracked and, to the extent possible, investigators will follow-up with participants who dropped out to inquire after the reasons for drop out. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Primary |
World Health Organization (WHO) Violence Against Women (VAW) diagnostic instrument |
A modified version of the WHO-VAW Corr 5 will be used to measure recent experience of IPV. The WHO IPV diagnostic tool has been used in Kenya previously. It includes four subscales measuring controlling behaviors (7 items) and sexual (3 items), physical (6 items), and emotional IPV (4 items). Participants will be asked whether or not (0=no, 1=yes) and the number of times they experienced any of these IPV items in the prior 90 days at baseline, IPI, and the 3- and 6- month follow-up. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Receipt of violence services |
Receipt of violence-related services will be measured with an item used in prior assessments of WINGS that asks, 'Have you received any services, counselling or group support for partner abuse or violence from others in the past 90 days?' |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Domestic Violence Coping Self-efficacy Scale (DVCSE) |
IPV self-efficacy will be assessed using the DVCSE, a 30-item scale that measures perceived competency in managing abuse and conflict with partners. The items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from "not at all confident" to "very confident". |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) |
Social Support will be measured with the 12-item MSPSS, which assesses the availability of emotional and instrumental support and advice for relationship conflict or problems with intimate partners and other issues. Items are measured on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from very strongly disagree (1) to very strongly agree. High scores on the scale suggest higher levels of social support. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Safety Behavior Checklist |
Safety behaviors will be assessed using an updated version of a 7-item safety behavior checklist to determine present use of safety behaviors and to chart future adoption. The adjusted total score falls within a 0-7 range of behaviors performed, with higher scores suggesting more safety behaviors. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Psychological distress (GHQ-12) |
Psychological distress will be measured with the Kiswahili version of the GHQ-12, which indexes psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, in the past few weeks. The GHQ-12 comprises 12 questions scored on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 to 3 (range 0-36; higher scores indicate more severe psychological distress). A cutoff of 12/13 (using the 4-point continuous scoring system can be used to detect psychological morbidity, as has previously been used in Kenyan trials of the PM+ intervention. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Functioning (WHODAS 2.0) |
Functional impairment will be measured using the WHODAS 2.0. This 12-item instrument assesses difficulty in completing activities in the last 30 days (range 0-48; higher scores indicate greater impairment severity). The WHODAS 2.0 has been used widely as a screening and outcome measure, demonstrates moderate to strong evidence of construct- and criterion-related validity, displays good sensitivity to change and has been used previously in PM+ efficacy trials in Kenya and in informal settlements in Kenya. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Short form of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) |
A four-item, short version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) will be used to measure symptoms of PTSD. The PCL was adapted and used for an efficacy trial of PM+ in Kenya. Items are scored with a 5-point Likert ranging from 0= "not at all" to 4="extremely", with high scores suggesting symptoms of PTSD. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
|
Secondary |
Personalized outcomes (PSYCHLOPS) |
The Psychological Outcome Profiles (PSYCHLOPS) scale will be used to assess change in relation to problems that are identified by the participant. It asks respondents to nominate 2 of their main problems and to provide ratings on the magnitude of the problems and their effects on functioning and well-being in the previous week. It is sensitive to change and is internally reliable. PSYCHLOPS assesses the impact of interventions on problems that are not necessarily assessed by other standardized measures; thus, it can be useful in the context of informal settlements, where people can suffer a diverse range of problems. It has also been used in an efficacy trial of PM+ in Kenya. |
Baseline, immediately post intervention, 3-month follow-up, 6-month follow-up |
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