Prostate Cancer — HDR Brachytherapy as Monotherapy for Low and Intermediate Risk Prostate Cancer
Citation(s)
Bachand F, Martin AG, Beaulieu L, Harel F, Vigneault E An eight-year experience of HDR brachytherapy boost for localized prostate cancer: biopsy and PSA outcome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2009 Mar 1;73(3):679-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.05.003. Epub 2008 Oct 27.
Hoskin P, Rojas A, Lowe G, Bryant L, Ostler P, Hughes R, Milner J, Cladd H High-dose-rate brachytherapy alone for localized prostate cancer in patients at moderate or high risk of biochemical recurrence. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Mar 15;82(4):1376-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.04.031. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Hoskin P, Rojas A, Ostler P, Hughes R, Alonzi R, Lowe G, Bryant L High-dose-rate brachytherapy alone given as two or one fraction to patients for locally advanced prostate cancer: acute toxicity. Radiother Oncol. 2014 Feb;110(2):268-71. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.09.025. Epub 2013 Nov 11.
Hoskin PJ, Rojas AM, Bownes PJ, Lowe GJ, Ostler PJ, Bryant L Randomised trial of external beam radiotherapy alone or combined with high-dose-rate brachytherapy boost for localised prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2012 May;103(2):217-22. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2012.01.007. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Jolicoeur, M , Derashodian, T., Last, J., Wakil, G., & Mondat, M. (2017). Multimodality Image Registrations for Combined MRI/CT HDR Prostate Brachytherapy: The Concept of the Iurethra. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 99(2), E243-E244. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJROBP.2017.06.1185
Kolkman-Deurloo IK, Roos MA, Aluwini S HDR monotherapy for prostate cancer: a simulation study to determine the effect of catheter displacement on target coverage and normal tissue irradiation. Radiother Oncol. 2011 Feb;98(2):192-7. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2010.12.009. Epub 2011 Feb 3.
Morton GC The emerging role of high-dose-rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2005 Jun;17(4):219-27. Review.
Prada PJ, Jimenez I, González-Suárez H, Fernández J, Cuervo-Arango C, Mendez L High-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy as monotherapy in one fraction and transperineal hyaluronic acid injection into the perirectal fat for the treatment of favorable stage prostate cancer: treatment description and preliminary results. Brachytherapy. 2012 Mar-Apr;11(2):105-10. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2011.05.003. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
Taira AV, Merrick GS, Galbreath RW, Wallner KE, Butler WM Natural history of clinically staged low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer treated with monotherapeutic permanent interstitial brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Feb 1;76(2):349-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.02.021. Epub 2009 May 19.
Wang Y, Sankreacha R, Al-Hebshi A, Loblaw A, Morton G Comparative study of dosimetry between high-dose-rate and permanent prostate implant brachytherapies in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. Brachytherapy. 2006 Oct-Dec;5(4):251-5.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.