Belfort MA, Tooke-Miller C, Varner M, Saade G, Grunewald C, Nisell H, Herd JA Evaluation of a noninvasive transcranial Doppler and blood pressure-based method for the assessment of cerebral perfusion pressure in pregnant women. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2000;19(3):331-40. Erratum in: Hypertens Pregnancy 2001;20(1):139-40.
Belfort MA, Varner MW, Dizon-Townson DS, Grunewald C, Nisell H Cerebral perfusion pressure, and not cerebral blood flow, may be the critical determinant of intracranial injury in preeclampsia: a new hypothesis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Sep;187(3):626-34.
Belfort MA Is high cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral flow predictive of impending seizures in preeclampsia? A case report. Hypertens Pregnancy. 2005;24(1):59-63.
Riskin-Mashiah S, Belfort MA Cerebrovascular hemodynamics in chronic hypertensive pregnant women who later develop superimposed preeclampsia. J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2005 Jan;12(1):28-32.
Labetalol Versus MgSO4 for the Prevention of Eclampsia Trial (LAMPET)
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
