Post-Concussion Syndrome — Cerebellar tDCS for SRPCS Treatment
Citation(s)
Antal A, Nitsche MA, Paulus W Transcranial direct current stimulation and the visual cortex. Brain Res Bull. 2006 Feb 15;68(6):459-63. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.10.006. Epub 2005 Nov 2.
Chen CL, Lin MY, Huda MH, Tsai PS Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for adults with post-concussion syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Psychosom Res. 2020 Sep;136:110190. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110190. Epub 2020 Jul 17.
Conder A, Conder R, Friesen C Neurorehabilitation of Persistent Sport-Related Post-Concussion Syndrome. NeuroRehabilitation. 2020;46(2):167-180. doi: 10.3233/NRE-192966.
DePadilla L, Miller GF, Jones SE, Peterson AB, Breiding MJ Self-Reported Concussions from Playing a Sport or Being Physically Active Among High School Students - United States, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Jun 22;67(24):682-685. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6724a3.
Dhaliwal SK, Meek BP, Modirrousta MM Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Symptoms Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Psychiatry. 2015 Aug 26;6:119. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00119. eCollection 2015.
Doroszkiewicz C, Gold D, Green R, Tartaglia MC, Ma J, Tator CH Anxiety, Depression, and Quality of Life: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Patients with Persisting Concussion Symptoms. J Neurotrauma. 2021 Feb 15;38(4):493-505. doi: 10.1089/neu.2020.7313. Epub 2020 Nov 2.
Jo JM, Kim YH, Ko MH, Ohn SH, Joen B, Lee KH Enhancing the working memory of stroke patients using tDCS. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2009 May;88(5):404-9. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3181a0e4cb.
Stagg CJ, Nitsche MA Physiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation. Neuroscientist. 2011 Feb;17(1):37-53. doi: 10.1177/1073858410386614.
Willer B, Leddy JJ Management of concussion and post-concussion syndrome. Curr Treat Options Neurol. 2006 Sep;8(5):415-26. doi: 10.1007/s11940-006-0031-9.
Workman CD, Fietsam AC, Rudroff T Different Effects of 2 mA and 4 mA Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Muscle Activity and Torque in a Maximal Isokinetic Fatigue Task. Front Hum Neurosci. 2020 Jun 25;14:240. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00240. eCollection 2020.
Workman CD, Fietsam AC, Rudroff T Tolerability and Blinding of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in People with Parkinson's Disease: A Critical Review. Brain Sci. 2020 Jul 20;10(7):467. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10070467.
Bilateral Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for the Treatment of Sports-Related Post-Concussion Syndrome (SRPCS)
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.