Regular Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy on Oral Hygiene in the Elderly 24-hour Care

Plaque Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effect of Regular Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy on Oral Hygiene in the Elderly 24-hour Care Residents

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Withdrawn

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05720104
• Other study ID #: FlexKoi2022
• Status: Withdrawn
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 1, 2024
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2026

Study information

• Verified date: February 2024
• Source: Koite Health Oy
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Lumoral device on oral hygiene, inflammatory load, and dryness of mouth in elderly 24-hour care residents. The second aim is to investigate the usefulness and benefits of the aMMP-8 chair-side test and the Lumoral device in improving the oral hygiene of elderly people. In addition, the study will investigate the usability of Lumoral assessed by different care professionals to evaluate the need for oral care and plaque control procedures in elderly residents.

Description:

The dental condition of elderly care customers is often poor. Cavities and dental connective tissue disease are widespread in people over 75 and older. Untreated oral infections in patients or residents living in institutional care predispose to pneumonia, among other complications. Chronic oral infectious diseases, and sometimes fatal complications, are preventable with good oral hygiene.

As people get older, their ability to function deteriorates, and the elderly, especially those living in round-the-clock care, have been found to have shortcomings in maintaining oral hygiene. Only a small part of the population had clean teeth, and the worse the level of oral hygiene, the worse the quality of life. Regular cleaning of the mouth and teeth from plaque is still the most important thing for keeping your mouth healthy. Unfortunately, this is not always the case with round-the-clock care, and new practices are needed to improve oral hygiene.

The use of antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and antibacterial blue light has been studied and found to reduce the amount of plaque in the mouth. The Lumoral device is a CE-marked home medical device that has been shown to be effective in reducing the development of plaque and harmful bacteria in the plaque. The performance of the device is based on the aPDT method, in which the photosensitive substance in the Lumorinse mouthwash attaches to the bacterial coating and is activated as an antibacterial by light. The antibacterial effect is applied directly to the plaque, reducing the impact on the normal oral flora. Preliminary studies have found that the method reduces inflammatory factors in periodontitis.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Withdrawn
• Enrollment: 0
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2026
• Est. primary completion date: October 31, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• A 24-hour care resident;

• Understand and able to give consent to the study;

• At least 10 functional teeth in the mouth (including implants);

• Able to brush teeth and follow the instruction for use Lumoral treatment, based on the assessment by the nursing staff.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Incapable of participating in the study based on the assessment of the nursing staff

• Toothless or less than 10 functional teeth in the mouth (including implants)

• Unwilling or unable to give consent

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Gingivitis
• Plaque
• Xerostomia

Intervention

Device:
• Lumoral Treatment
Subjects will receive detailed instructions for the use of Lumoral treatment -device. Subjects will be instructed to use the Lumoral treatment -device and follow the protocol once a day for two months and to keep a diary.

Other:
• Standard oral hygiene instructions
Subjects will receive the latest standard oral hygiene instructions according to the Swedish dental association's guidelines.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Sweden	Pilträdets servicehus	Stockholm

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Koite Health Oy	Karolinska Institutet, University of Helsinki

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Sweden, 

References & Publications (12)

De Visschere L, de Baat C, De Meyer L, van der Putten GJ, Peeters B, Soderfelt B, Vanobbergen J. The integration of oral health care into day-to-day care in nursing homes: a qualitative study. Gerodontology. 2015 Jun;32(2):115-22. doi: 10.1111/ger.12062. Epub 2013 Jun 20. — View Citation

Holmen A, Stromberg E, Hagman-Gustafsson ML, Wardh I, Gabre P. Oral status in home-dwelling elderly dependent on moderate or substantial supportive care for daily living: prevalence of edentulous subjects, caries and periodontal disease. Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e503-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00507.x. Epub 2011 Sep 19. — View Citation

Hugoson A, Koch G, Gothberg C, Helkimo AN, Lundin SA, Norderyd O, Sjodin B, Sondell K. Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jonkoping, Sweden during 30 years (1973-2003). II. Review of clinical and radiographic findings. Swed Dent J. 2005;29(4):139-55. — View Citation

Lahteenmaki H, Patila T, Raisanen IT, Kankuri E, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T. Repeated Home-Applied Dual-Light Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Can Reduce Plaque Burden, Inflammation, and aMMP-8 in Peri-Implant Disease-A Pilot Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Mar 8;44(3):1273-1283. doi: 10.3390/cimb44030085. — View Citation

Nikinmaa S, Alapulli H, Auvinen P, Vaara M, Rantala J, Kankuri E, Sorsa T, Meurman J, Patila T. Dual-light photodynamic therapy administered daily provides a sustained antibacterial effect on biofilm and prevents Streptococcus mutans adaptation. PLoS One. 2020 May 6;15(5):e0232775. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232775. eCollection 2020. — View Citation

Nikinmaa S, Moilanen N, Sorsa T, Rantala J, Alapulli H, Kotiranta A, Auvinen P, Kankuri E, Meurman JH, Patila T. Indocyanine Green-Assisted and LED-Light-Activated Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy Reduces Dental Plaque. Dent J (Basel). 2021 May 3;9(5):52. doi: 10.3390/dj9050052. — View Citation

Nikinmaa S, Podonyi A, Raivio P, Meurman J, Sorsa T, Rantala J, Kankuri E, Tauriainen T, Patila T. Daily Administered Dual-Light Photodynamic Therapy Provides a Sustained Antibacterial Effect on Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Oct 13;10(10):1240. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10101240. — View Citation

Nishizawa T, Niikura Y, Akasaka K, Watanabe M, Kurai D, Amano M, Ishii H, Matsushima H, Yamashita N, Takizawa H. Pilot study for risk assessment of aspiration pneumonia based on oral bacteria levels and serum biomarkers. BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Sep 2;19(1):761. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4327-2. — View Citation

Saarela RKT, Hiltunen K, Kautiainen H, Roitto HM, Mantyla P, Pitkala KH. Oral hygiene and health-related quality of life in institutionalized older people. Eur Geriatr Med. 2022 Feb;13(1):213-220. doi: 10.1007/s41999-021-00547-8. Epub 2021 Jul 27. — View Citation

Saarela RKT, Hiltunen K, Mantyla P, Pitkala KH. Changes in Institutionalized Older People's Dentition Status in Helsinki, 2003-2017. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020 Jan;68(1):221-223. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16230. Epub 2019 Oct 26. No abstract available. — View Citation

Suominen AL, Varsio S, Helminen S, Nordblad A, Lahti S, Knuuttila M. Dental and periodontal health in Finnish adults in 2000 and 2011. Acta Odontol Scand. 2018 Jul;76(5):305-313. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1451653. Epub 2018 Mar 16. — View Citation

Willumsen T, Karlsen L, Naess R, Bjorntvedt S. Are the barriers to good oral hygiene in nursing homes within the nurses or the patients? Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e748-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00554.x. Epub 2011 Oct 24. — View Citation

* Note: There are 12 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Oral hygiene	Improvement in oral hygiene / resident experience. The study subject will fill in a questionnaire related to oral hygiene and mouth dryness at baseline and at 2 months.	2 months
Primary	Visual Plaque Index (VPI)	Change in the Visible plaque index (VPI) is greater in the Study group compared to the Control group.; VPI: A full-mouth assessment at 4 sites per tooth will be made at baseline and at the 2 month follow-up visit; VPI is reported as the percentage (%) of sites with positive findings; Dichotomous scoring to each site of the tooth as plaque" 1 present" and" 0 absent"; Calculation formula: number of plaque sites/ 4 times number of teeth	2 months
Primary	Bleeding on Probing (BOP)	Change in the Bleeding on Probing (BOP) is greater in the Study group compared to the Control group.; BOP: A full-mouth assessment at 4 sites per tooth; Gingival bleeding is considered as positive if bleeding occurs within 15 seconds after gentle probing with a probe at the sulcus; BOP reported as the percentage (%) of sites with positive findings; Dichotomous scoring to each site of the tooth as bleeding" 1 present" and" 0 absent"; Calculation formula: number of bleeding sites/ 4 times number of teeth	2 months
Primary	Probing Pocket Depth (PPD)	Change in the Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) values is greater in the Study group compared to the Control group.; PPD: A full-mouth assessment, measured at 4 sites per tooth; Assessed from the base of the pocket to the gingival margin (mm)	2 months
Primary	aMMP-8	Change in the active matrix metalloproteinase 8 values is greater in the Study group compared to the Control group.; The aMMP-8 marker analysis will be performed using the Periosafe chair-side test (Dentognostics GmbH) according to the manufacturer's instructions.; Oral rinse samples will be stored for further analysis according to the Swedish Biobanks in Medical Care Act (SFS 2002:297). Further analysis includes aMMP-8 and its regulators by biochemical enzyme/molecule assays, immunoassays, and proteomics analysis.	2 months
Primary	Dry mouth	Use of the Lumoral Treatment relieves the symptoms of dry mouth, compared to the Control group.; Clinical assessment of moisture/dryness of oral mucosa (score 0-2) 0 = Saliva secretion looks normal (saliva serous and running); = Mucous membrane of the mouth shiny and tightening/ saliva foamy or mucous/ little clear saliva at the base of the mouth; = Mouth completely dry, mirror sticking to cheek or tongue, mucous membranes often reddened/ bumps on tongue surface disappeared/ scab on melting	2 months

External Links

•   Alaijah, F., Morsi, A., Nasher, R. et al. Photobiomodulation therapy in the treatment of periodontal disease: a literature review. Laser Dent Sci 3, 147-153 (2019)
•   Levine JI (1990). Medications that increase photosensititivity. FDA document Dec 1990.
•   United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2002 Revision. New York, NY, USA: United Nations, 2003.