Closed Suction Drainage and Natural Drainage of the Pancreatic Duct in Pancreaticojejunostomy

Pancreatic Fistula Clinical Trial

Official title:

Randomised Prospective Study of Clinical Outcomes After Closed Suction Drainage and Natural Drainage of the Pancreatic Duct in Pancreaticojejunostomy After Pancreatoduodenectomy

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00679952
• Other study ID #: H-0612-018-191
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 3
• First received: May 15, 2008
• Last updated: May 8, 2014
• Start date: March 2007
• Est. completion date: March 2010

Study information

• Verified date: May 2014
• Source: Seoul National University Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Korea: Food and Drug Administration
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Pancreaticojejunal anastomosis leakage is a major complication after pancreatoduodenectomy and various technical methods have been examined to improve the situation.However, none of methods have been successful at improving results according to the findings of prospective randomized studies. We propose that active drainage of pancreatic juice using suction drainage might maximize the advantage of a stent and finally reduce pancreaticojejunal anastomosis leakage.

Description:

Pancreaticojejunal anastomosis leakage is a major complication after pancreatoduodenectomy and various technical methods have been examined to improve the situation, e.g., pancreatic duct occlusion, anastomosis reinforcement with fibrin glue, placement of an internal stent, and pancreaticogastrostomy. However, none of these methods have been successful at improving results according to the findings of prospective randomized studies. Some retrospective studies have reported a low pancreatic fistula rate when a catheter is inserted into the pancreatic duct to externally drain pancreatic juice. Furthermore, a recent prospective randomized trial showed that external drainage of the pancreatic duct decreased the rate of pancreatic fistula formation indicating that diverting pancreatic juice from an anastomosis can theoretically reduce the incidence of pancreaticojejunostomy anastomotic leakage. We propose that active drainage of pancreatic juice using suction drainage might maximize the advantage of a stent and finally reduce pancreaticojejunal anastomosis leakage.

We will enroll all patients who underwent duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy reconstruction after pancreatoduodenectomy, and randomly allocate them to two groups of closed suction drainage group (CD group) and natural drainage group (ND group) just after operations.

Preoperative demographic and clinical data, and surgical procedure, pathologic diagnosis, postoperative course and complications details were collected prospectively.

The primary study endpoints were; pancreatic fistula rates, severity of pancreatic fistulas, postoperative complications, postoperative length of hospital stay, and hospital mortality rate. Pancreatic fistula was defined as any measurable drainage from an operatively placed drain (or a subsequently placed percutaneous drain) on or after postoperative day 3, with an amylase content greater than 3 times the upper limit of normal serum amylase level (i.e., >300 IU/L)(International Study Group for Pancreatic Fistulas (ISGPF) definition) or on or after postoperative week 1 drainage of more than 30 mL of fluid with an amylase level higher than 600 U/dL(Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) definition). In addition, fistula severity was graded as A, B, C according to ISGPF clinical criteria as follows; grade A fistula - a transient, asymptomatic fistula with only elevated drain amylase levels and treatments or deviation in clinical management are not required; grade B fistula - a symptomatic, clinically apparent fistula requiring diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management; and grade C fistula - a severe, clinically significant fistula requiring a major deviations in clinical management and unequivocal aggressive therapeutic interventions. Major pancreatic leakage was defined as drainage of more than 200 mL of fluid or the development of an intra-abdominal abscess.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 168
• Est. completion date: March 2010
• Est. primary completion date: March 2009
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 15 Years to 85 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• All patients who undergo duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy reconstruction after pancreatoduodenectomy in our institution

Exclusion criteria:

• less than 15 years old, or older than 85 years old

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Prevention

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Pancreatic Fistula

Intervention

Procedure:
• closed suction drainage of pancreatic duct
A Fr 5-8 silastic polyethylene pediatric feeding tube with multiple side-holes is inserted 2 cm into the pancreatic duct. The catheter exited via a small enterotomy in the jejunal loop of the distal portion of the hepaticojejunostomy. Totally externalized pancreatic stents were connected to the aspiration bag of a Jackson-Pratt drain to generate negative pressure or to a bile bag for natural drainage.
• natural drainage of pancreatic duct
Natural drainage group

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Korea, Republic of	Seoul National University Hospital	Seoul

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Seoul National University Hospital

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Korea, Republic of, 

References & Publications (4)

Hamanaka Y, Suzuki T. Total pancreatic duct drainage for leakproof pancreatojejunostomy. Surgery. 1994 Jan;115(1):22-6. — View Citation

Lee SE, Yang SH, Jang JY, Kim SW. Pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a comparison between the two pancreaticojejunostomy methods for approximating the pancreatic parenchyma to the jejunal seromuscular layer: interrupted vs continuous stitches. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Oct 28;13(40):5351-6. — View Citation

Mok KT, Wang BW, Liu SI. Management of pancreatic remnant with strategies according to the size of pancreatic duct after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Br J Surg. 1999 Aug;86(8):1018-9. — View Citation

Poon RT, Fan ST, Lo CM, Ng KK, Yuen WK, Yeung C, Wong J. External drainage of pancreatic duct with a stent to reduce leakage rate of pancreaticojejunostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a prospective randomized trial. Ann Surg. 2007 Sep;246(3):425-33; discussion 433-5. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Number of Patients With Pancreatic Fistula	pancreatic fistula rate is stratified according to ISGPF criteria.; Grade A; No major impact Grade B; Clinically relevant fistula, specific treatment may be required Grade C; Most severe form of fistula, with a high mortality rate	postoperative 1 week	Yes
Secondary	Severity of Pancreatic Fistulas		2 years	Yes