Pancreatic Cancer — Chemotherapy, Host Response and Molecular Dynamics in Periampullary Cancer
Citation(s)
Andersson G, Borgquist S, Jirstrom K Hormonal factors and pancreatic cancer risk in women: The Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. Int J Cancer. 2018 Jul 1;143(1):52-62. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31302. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Andersson G, Wennersten C, Borgquist S, Jirstrom K Pancreatic cancer risk in relation to sex, lifestyle factors, and pre-diagnostic anthropometry in the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study. Biol Sex Differ. 2016 Dec 9;7:66. doi: 10.1186/s13293-016-0120-8. eCollection 2016.
Elebro J, Ben Dror L, Heby M, Nodin B, Jirstrom K, Eberhard J Prognostic effect of hENT1, dCK and HuR expression by morphological type in periampullary adenocarcinoma, including pancreatic cancer. Acta Oncol. 2016;55(3):286-96. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1075663. Epub 2015 Sep 11.
Heby M, Elebro J, Nodin B, Jirstrom K, Eberhard J Prognostic and predictive significance of podocalyxin-like protein expression in pancreatic and periampullary adenocarcinoma. BMC Clin Pathol. 2015 May 30;15:10. doi: 10.1186/s12907-015-0009-1. eCollection 2015.
Heby M, Lundgren S, Nodin B, Elebro J, Eberhard J, Jirstrom K Relationship between mismatch repair immunophenotype and long-term survival in patients with resected periampullary adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med. 2018 Mar 14;16(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s12967-018-1444-4.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
