Pain — Low Laser Light Therapy After Impacted Third Molar Removal
Citation(s)
Aras MH, Güngörmüs M Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial of the effect two different low-level laser therapies (LLLT)--intraoral and extraoral--on trismus and facial swelling following surgical extraction of the lower third molar. Lasers Med Sci. 2010 Sep;25(5):641-5. doi: 10.1007/s10103-009-0684-1. Epub 2009 May 31.
Brignardello-Petersen R, Carrasco-Labra A, Araya I, Yanine N, Beyene J, Shah PS Is adjuvant laser therapy effective for preventing pain, swelling, and trismus after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2012 Aug;70(8):1789-801. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2012.01.008. Epub 2012 Mar 6. Review.
Ferrante M, Petrini M, Trentini P, Perfetti G, Spoto G Effect of low-level laser therapy after extraction of impacted lower third molars. Lasers Med Sci. 2013 May;28(3):845-9. doi: 10.1007/s10103-012-1174-4. Epub 2012 Jul 28.
He WL, Yu FY, Li CJ, Pan J, Zhuang R, Duan PJ A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of complication after mandibular third molar surgery. Lasers Med Sci. 2015 Aug;30(6):1779-88. doi: 10.1007/s10103-014-1634-0. Epub 2014 Aug 7. Review.
Kazancioglu HO, Ezirganli S, Demirtas N Comparison of the influence of ozone and laser therapies on pain, swelling, and trismus following impacted third-molar surgery. Lasers Med Sci. 2014 Jul;29(4):1313-9. doi: 10.1007/s10103-013-1300-y. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
Larrazábal C, García B, Peñarrocha M, Peñarrocha M Influence of oral hygiene and smoking on pain and swelling after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010 Jan;68(1):43-6. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2009.07.061.
Markovic A, Todorovic Lj Effectiveness of dexamethasone and low-power laser in minimizing oedema after third molar surgery: a clinical trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2007 Mar;36(3):226-9. Epub 2006 Dec 8.
Mehrabi M, Allen JM, Roser SM Therapeutic agents in perioperative third molar surgical procedures. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2007 Feb;19(1):69-84, vi. Review.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
