The Effect of Hot Application on Post Laparoscopic Shoulder Pain and Analgesic Use

Pain, Shoulder Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Effect of Hot Application on Shoulder Pain and Analgesic Use After Laparoscopic Upper Abdominal Surgery

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05334797
• Other study ID #: PLSP
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: April 12, 2022
• Est. completion date: June 5, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: June 2024
• Source: Cukurova University
• Contact: Derya Gezer
• Phone: 05076990081
• Email: deryasahhin[@]hotmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The aim of this study; To evaluate the effect of hot application on postlaparoscopic shoulder pain and analgesic use in patients undergoing upper laparoscopic surgery in general surgery.

Description:

Among the advantages of laparoscopic surgery; smaller incisions, less postoperative pain, less need for analgesia, shorter hospital stay, earlier return to normal activities and lower morbidity. However, laparoscopic surgery is associated with postoperative shoulder pain, which is rarely seen in open surgeries. The precise mechanism of postlaparoscopic shoulder pain (PLOA) is unclear, but it is believed that the carbon dioxide remaining after laparoscopic surgery causes shoulder pain by causing irritation of the phrenic nerve. In some cases, PLOA may cause more discomfort to the patient than incisional pain.

Hot application is an effective method used to relieve pain. Hot application activates the gate control mechanism, stimulating tactile receptors, reducing ischemic pain with vasodilation, removing metabolic wastes, increasing the release of endorphins, eliminating muscle spasm, reducing effects such as pressure, stretching and hypoxia on nerve endings as a result of changes in the viscoelastic properties of tissues, raising the pain threshold, It reduces or relieves pain by sedating and creating relief in the patient.

Hot application is easy to use, inexpensive, requires no prior application, and has minimal adverse side effects when used correctly. Heat sources include a hot water heater, an electric heating pad, a warm blanket, and a warm bath or shower. In addition to being used as a pain reliever, heat is used to relieve chills or shivering, reduce joint stiffness, reduce muscle spasm, and increase connective tissue extensibility.

In the study of Mohamed et al., in which they examined the effect of hot application and early mobilization on shoulder pain, in the experimental group patients who received hot application; Postoperative shoulder pain was found to be significantly less than the control group at different evaluation times at 4 hours after surgery and at 6, 12 and 24 hours (p<0.001).

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 60
• Est. completion date: June 5, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: April 12, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Agreeing to participate in the research,

2. Having undergone laparoscopic abdominal surgery

3. Those who have no previous history of surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Those who did not agree to participate in the research

2. Those who have had previous abdominal surgery

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Pain, Shoulder
• Shoulder Pain

Intervention

Other:
• hot application
a thermophore filled with hot water will be placed on the patient's shoulder according to the presence of shoulder pain and it will be ensured that he stays for 15 minutes.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Turkey	Tarsus Universty	Mersin	Tarsus

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Cukurova University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Turkey, 

References & Publications (13)

Cason CL, Seidel SL, Bushmiaer M. Recovery from laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures. AORN J. 1996 Jun;63(6):1099-103, 1106-8, 1111-2 passim. doi: 10.1016/s0001-2092(06)63296-1. — View Citation

Dobbs FF, Kumar V, Alexander JI, Hull MG. Pain after laparoscopy related to posture and ring versus clip sterilization. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1987 Mar;94(3):262-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02365.x. — View Citation

Fredman B, Jedeikin R, Olsfanger D, Flor P, Gruzman A. Residual pneumoperitoneum: a cause of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesth Analg. 1994 Jul;79(1):152-4. — View Citation

Gerbershagen HJ, Aduckathil S, van Wijck AJ, Peelen LM, Kalkman CJ, Meissner W. Pain intensity on the first day after surgery: a prospective cohort study comparing 179 surgical procedures. Anesthesiology. 2013 Apr;118(4):934-44. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31828866b3. — View Citation

Grace PA, Quereshi A, Coleman J, Keane R, McEntee G, Broe P, Osborne H, Bouchier-Hayes D. Reduced postoperative hospitalization after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Surg. 1991 Feb;78(2):160-2. doi: 10.1002/bjs.1800780209. — View Citation

Jackson SA, Laurence AS, Hill JC. Does post-laparoscopy pain relate to residual carbon dioxide? Anaesthesia. 1996 May;51(5):485-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07798.x. — View Citation

Kandil TS, El Hefnawy E. Shoulder pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: factors affecting the incidence and severity. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2010 Oct;20(8):677-82. doi: 10.1089/lap.2010.0112. — View Citation

Lee DH, Song T, Kim KH, Lee KW. Incidence, natural course, and characteristics of postlaparoscopic shoulder pain. Surg Endosc. 2018 Jan;32(1):160-165. doi: 10.1007/s00464-017-5651-5. Epub 2017 Jun 22. — View Citation

Li X, Li K. Time Characteristics of Shoulder Pain after Laparoscopic Surgery. JSLS. 2021 Apr-Jun;25(2):e2021.00027. doi: 10.4293/JSLS.2021.00027. — View Citation

Madsen MR, Jensen KE. Postoperative pain and nausea after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Laparosc Endosc. 1992 Dec;2(4):303-5. — View Citation

Mouton WG, Bessell JR, Otten KT, Maddern GJ. Pain after laparoscopy. Surg Endosc. 1999 May;13(5):445-8. doi: 10.1007/s004649901011. — View Citation

Nieboer TE, Johnson N, Lethaby A, Tavender E, Curr E, Garry R, van Voorst S, Mol BW, Kluivers KB. Surgical approach to hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 8;(3):CD003677. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003677.pub4. — View Citation

Valla JS, Limonne B, Valla V, Montupet P, Daoud N, Grinda A, Chavrier Y. Laparoscopic appendectomy in children: report of 465 cases. Surg Laparosc Endosc. 1991 Sep;1(3):166-72. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	change of pain	Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) The form used by Williamson & Hoggart (2005) to assess pain, patients will be asked to select a number from 0 to 10 that best describes their current pain. 0 means no pain and 10 means severe pain. It will be scored as no pain (0), mild pain (1-3), moderate (4-7) and severe pain (8-10).	24 hours
Primary	analgesic consumption	analgesic consumption form	24 hours

External Links

•   Agri kontrolünde farmakolojik olmayan yöntemler
•   Heating pads and early mobilization for reducing postoperative shoulder pain and enhancing recovery of women undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery