Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Trial
Official title:
Multicentric Analysis of Predictors of N1 Upstaging After Resection of cStage-I NSCLC
Five papers showed a lower N1 nodal upstaging with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) compared to open surgery in patients with cStage-I NSCLC . This finding questions the oncologic quality of minimal invasive lung cancer surgery, especially the quality of hilar and intrapulmonary lymh node dissection. However, these retrospective studies did not include analysis of central tumor location, although central tumors have a reported higher chance of N1 upstaging . Possibly, this creates a selection bias as surgeons might select central lesions deliberately for open surgery in line with initial VATS feasibility reports
After optimal preoperative staging, 10 to 25% of patients with clinical stage I (cStage-I)
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are found to have unforeseen positive lymph nodes during
resection.
Central tumors, even if they are smaller than 3cm (cT1), have a higher incidence of both
intrapulmonary or hilar (N1) or ipsilateral mediastinal (N2) lymph node involvement in
comparison to peripheral lesions.
In a cohort of patients that underwent identical preoperative mediastinal evaluation and
postoperative pathologic tissue examination of equal quality, nodal upstaging can be used as
a quality indicator of oncologic thoracic surgery. Or, it can be used as an instrument to
compare different techniques, such as thoracoscopic (VATS) versus open lung resections for
lung cancer.
Five papers showed a lower N1 nodal upstaging with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)
compared to open surgery. These retrospective studies did not include tumor location.
The investigators hypothesize that this creates a bias as surgeons might have chosen an open
approach when the tumor was centrally located. This is in line with initial feasibility
reports and guidelines that excluded patients with central lesions. This results in a higher
prevalence of positive N1 nodes in patients operated with the open approach.
Our single centre analysis showed a one in three chance of nodal upstaging in central located
cStage-I tumors , multivariate analysis showed central location to be the only significant
predictor for upstaging, and not the surgical technique.
The aim of this multicentric study is to investigate risk factors for nodal upstaging,
including tumor location, in patients with cStage-I NSCLC and validate previous findings.
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