Efficacy and Safety of a Nanofat-seeded Biological Scaffold in Healing Lower Limb Surgical Defects

Non-melanoma Skin Cancer Clinical Trial

Official title:

Efficacy and Safety of a Nanofat-seeded Biological Scaffold in Healing Lower Limb Surgical Defects: A Randomized, Controlled Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Withdrawn

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03548610
• Other study ID #: 2018P001086
• Status: Withdrawn
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 30, 2019
• Est. completion date: July 31, 2021

Study information

• Verified date: February 2020
• Source: Brigham and Women's Hospital
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Large full-thickness skin defects, such as those resulting from trauma, large and giant congenital nevi, disfiguring scars, or tumor resection remain major clinical problems to patients and physicians. Skin flaps and grafts represent the current standard of care (SOC), but often present limitations associated with surgical morbidity and donor site availability. The investigators will enroll 64 patients who have their skin cancer surgically removed and require reconstructive procedure such as a skin flap/graft.

To objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of a nanofat-seeded biological scaffold versus the SOC in healing larger surgical defects (>1.5cm) involving the lower limb that cannot be closed by direct suture and thus need a reconstructive procedure such as a skin flap/graft.

Description:

Large full-thickness skin defects, such as those resulting from trauma, large and giant congenital nevi, disfiguring scars, or tumor resection remain major clinical problems to patients and physicians. Skin flaps and grafts represent the current standard of care (SOC), but often present limitations associated with surgical morbidity and donor site availability. To overcome these limitations, cultured epidermal autografts consisting of keratinocytes were developed to provide enough autologous skin. However, the routine use of these cultured epidermal autografts was hampered by its high risk of recurrent wound opening, long-term fragility, and increased rates of scar contractures.

Tissue-engineered dermal skin substitutes containing complex dermal layers have also been developed to produce large, near-natural skin substitutes. They promote healing and avoid scar contracture; however, the healing times are long as they lack the active cellular and paracrine components of healing, and they often need a second delayed surgical procedure, a split-thickness skin graft, to obtain complete epithelization.

The term "nanofat grafting" was first used by Tonnard et al. and constitutes a rich reservoir of regenerative precursor cells (including stromal vascular fraction cells, among which adipose-derived stem cells) with pro-angiogenic capabilities. The many proprieties of nanofat and the stromal vascular fraction in regenerative and aesthetic surgery are just being discovered. In particular, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the ability of these cells to differentiate into various skin cell lineages. Moreover, they are recognized as a powerful source for tissue regeneration because of their capability to secrete paracrine factors, initiating tissue repair and accelerating wound closure by skin regeneration instead of fibrotic scar formation.

Few anecdotal reports have documented the efficacy of the stromal vascular fraction in acute as well as chronic wounds. However, no observation has explored the efficacy of nanofat in healing surgical defects. Of note, nanofat is substantially easier, faster, and remarkably less expensive to obtain when compared to the mechanically- or enzymatically-isolated stromal vascular fraction. At present, there is a noticeable lack of randomized-controlled evidence in the international literature. Thus, this would represent the most comprehensive and the first randomized, controlled experience documenting the use of nanofat for wound healing.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Withdrawn
• Enrollment: 0
• Est. completion date: July 31, 2021
• Est. primary completion date: March 31, 2021
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects who need to undergo a surgical intervention resulting in complex lower limb surgical defects that cannot be closed primarily, and thus need a reconstructive phase

• Willing to undertake all study procedures, including nanofat harvesting from stomach site

• Willing to sign an informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age less than 18 years of age

• Pregnant women

• Any contraindications to use of nanofat or collagen scaffold

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Non-melanoma Skin Cancer
• Skin Graft Complications
• Skin Neoplasms
• Wound of Knee
• Wound of Lower Leg
• Wound of Skin
• Wounds and Injuries

Intervention

Other:
• Nanofat-seeded biological scaffold on surgical defect
Nanofat-seeded biological scaffold in healing larger surgical defects (>1.5cm) involving the lower limbs

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Mohs and Dermatologic Surgery Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital	Boston	Massachusetts

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Brigham and Women's Hospital

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (8)

Brett E, Chung N, Leavitt WT, Momeni A, Longaker MT, Wan DC. A Review of Cell-Based Strategies for Soft Tissue Reconstruction. Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2017 Aug;23(4):336-346. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2016.0455. Epub 2017 Apr 27. Review. — View Citation

Cervelli V, Gentile P, De Angelis B, Calabrese C, Di Stefani A, Scioli MG, Curcio BC, Felici M, Orlandi A. Application of enhanced stromal vascular fraction and fat grafting mixed with PRP in post-traumatic lower extremity ulcers. Stem Cell Res. 2011 Mar;6(2):103-11. doi: 10.1016/j.scr.2010.11.003. Epub 2010 Nov 30. — View Citation

Klar AS, Zimoch J, Biedermann T. Skin Tissue Engineering: Application of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:9747010. doi: 10.1155/2017/9747010. Epub 2017 Feb 27. Review. — View Citation

Klinger A, Kawata M, Villalobos M, Jones RB, Pike S, Wu N, Chang S, Zhang P, DiMuzio P, Vernengo J, Benvenuto P, Goldfarb RD, Hunter K, Liu Y, Carpenter JP, Tulenko TN. Living scaffolds: surgical repair using scaffolds seeded with human adipose-derived stem cells. Hernia. 2016 Feb;20(1):161-70. doi: 10.1007/s10029-015-1415-0. Epub 2015 Nov 6. — View Citation

Konstantinow A, Arnold A, Djabali K, Kempf W, Gutermuth J, Fischer T, Biedermann T. Therapy of ulcus cruris of venous and mixed venous arterial origin with autologous, adult, native progenitor cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue: a prospective clinical pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Dec;31(12):2104-2118. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14489. Epub 2017 Sep 4. — View Citation

Tonnard P, Verpaele A, Peeters G, Hamdi M, Cornelissen M, Declercq H. Nanofat grafting: basic research and clinical applications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 Oct;132(4):1017-26. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31829fe1b0. — View Citation

Uyulmaz S, Sanchez Macedo N, Rezaeian F, Giovanoli P, Lindenblatt N. Nanofat Grafting for Scar Treatment and Skin Quality Improvement. Aesthet Surg J. 2018 Mar 14;38(4):421-428. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjx183. — View Citation

You HJ, Han SK. Cell therapy for wound healing. J Korean Med Sci. 2014 Mar;29(3):311-9. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.3.311. Epub 2014 Feb 27. Review. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in healing response to treatment (>95% healed in surface by physician assessment)	A blinded study physician will assess the healing surface area at each visit. A wound is considered "healed" when the wound has healed >95% in surface by the physician assessment. Wounds in the intervention group are expected to have faster healing compared to the standard of care group.	7 days post-surgery, 15 days post-surgery, 30 days post-surgery, 3 months post-surgery, 6 months post-surgery, 12 months post-surgery
Secondary	Change in histogram planimetry for surgical site	Histogram planimetry is a way to objectively assess wound area changes over time. It is based on the pixel count of a selected irregular area which is divided by the pixel count of 1cm^2 to find a result in terms of cm^2 or mm^2	7 days' post-surgery, 15 days' post-surgery, 30 days' post-surgery, 3 months' post-surgery, 6 months' post-surgery, 12 months' post-surgery
Secondary	Cosmetic outcomes of surgical site by blinded physician Vancouver Scar Scale assessment	A physician blinded to the treatment group the subject is in will self-administer the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) which documents change in scar appearance over time. The VSS ranges from 0 (most desirable outcome) to 13 (least desirable outcome), thus, a lower score is considered to have a better outcome and a higher score is considered a worse outcome. The VSS consists of four sub-scales, with each sub-scale reporting a value. The "pigmentation sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal pigmentation) to 2 (hyperpigmentation); the "vascularity sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal appearance) to 3 (purple appearance); the "pliability sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal pliability) to 5 (contracture); and the "height sub-scale" ranges from 0 (normal [flat]) to 3 (>5mm). Sub-scale scores are totaled to give an overall VSS assessment score.	3 months' post-surgery, 6 months' post-surgery
Secondary	Study subject completes the Patient Scar Assessment Scale	Subjects will be asked to complete a Visual Analogue Scale (Patient Scar Assessment Scale, PSAS) for scar assessment to rate how they think their wound site appears cosmetically compared to normal skin, and any complaints about how painful the site is, and how itchy it feels. Each question ranges from 1 (no complaints with itch or pain/as normal skin) to 10 (worst imaginable itch or pain/very different from normal skin). The PSAS ranges from 6 (best outcome score) to 66 (worst outcome score), thus a lower score is considered to have a better outcome and a higher score is considered a worse outcome.	3 months' post-surgery, 6 months' post-surgery