Nocturnal Leg Cramps Clinical Trial
Official title:
Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy on the Patients With Nocturnal Leg Cramps - Possible Related to Myofascial Trigger Point in the Gastrocnemius Muscle
Nocturnal leg cramps (NLCs) are often described as a symptom of sudden and involuntary muscle contraction at night, which often affects sleep quality due to pain and tight discomfort in the thigh, calf and foot. The investigator performed extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT). This experiment used a randomized experiment to assess the immediate, short-term and long-term effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on patients with nocturnal leg cramps.
Nocturnal leg cramps (NLCs) are often described as a symptom of sudden and involuntary muscle
contraction at night, which often affects sleep quality due to pain and tight discomfort in
the thigh, calf and foot. The pathophysiology of nocturnal leg cramps is unclear, but it is
generally considered to be associated with excitability lower motor neurons, sleep posture at
night, leg muscle fatigue, nerve disability or damage (eg, Parkinson's disease), metabolic
diseases (eg : hyperphosphatemia). Generally, quinine or magnesium oxide is the most commonly
used pharmacological treatment. The common non-drug treatments are stretching exercise,
massage or hot therapy, but there is not enough evidence to indicate which treatment is
specific effective.
In a previous study, they proposed that nocturnal leg cramps may be associated with
myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) of the gastrocnemius. Other studies have also proposed that
extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) applying to the MTrPs of the upper trapezius muscle
could improve cervicogenic headache. We will conduct a randomized parallel study to
investigate the efficacy of ESWT on nocturnal leg cramps. Participants will be randomized
into two groups: one is only general physical therapy (gPT) and the other one is ESWT + gPT.
The outcome measurement tools including the frequency of nocturnal leg cramps, visual analog
scale (VAS), pain pressure threshold (PPT) and muscle tone in the gastrocnemius, range of
motion of knee and ankle, and quality of sleep questionnaire were used to compare two groups
with regard to the pain intensity, quality of sleep, and overall satisfaction in subjects
with nocturnal leg cramps.
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